DOOMSDAY

Theories on the Destruction of Earth

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SUN:

SUPERNOVA


NASA/Gates Version
Supernova for Dummies Version
Conclusion

NASA/Gates version:

         As the mass of the star's iron core approaches 1.4 solar masses (due to continued silicon and sulfur burning in a thin shell adjacent to the iron core), a dramatic sequence of events is being triggered: Gravity, which up to now was balanced by the outward force of the pressure, decisively gains the upper hand and .In less than a second, the core collapses from a size of about 5,000 miles to one of about a dozen miles, and an enormous amount of energy is released. This collapse happens so fast that the star's outer layers have no time to react and participate in it. What is released during core collapse is truly gigantic. It is equivalent to the energy produced by 100 stars like the Sun, during their entire lifetimes of more than 10 billion years! Most of the energy released during the collapse of the iron core is carried off into space by elusive particles. A small fraction of the energy is deposited into the lower layers of the envelope surrounding the core and triggers the supernova explosion.
         The energy deposited in the lower layers of the envelope creates a super strong shock wave that runs outward through the envelope toward the star's surface. As the shock wave runs outward, it heats the envelope, induces explosive nuclear burning, and ejects the envelope at speeds of thousands of miles per second (i.e., in excess of 10 million miles/hour). It is during this phase that elements heavier than iron are being manufactured. When the shock wave reaches the star's surface, it very quickly heats the surface layers and brightens them. Within a day or two the exploding star becomes brighter than a billion Suns. This is the moment when distant observers first learn that a supernova is exploding (unless they have been lucky enough to detect some of the neutrinos that were emitted earlier during core collapse). A star appears where, as viewed over the great distances of interstellar or intergalactic space, none was seen before -- hence, the term nova, which means "new." The result of these events is a compact stellar remnant and a rapidly expanding gaseous shell. The stellar remnant is a neutron star or a black hole. The expanding gaseous shell plows into the surrounding interstellar medium, and pushes, compresses, and intermingles with it. Such regions of the interstellar medium are known as  After some weeks, the brightness of the explosion diminishes, although the supernova may remain visible for many months or years, even across intergalactic distances. About 20 to 30 supernovae are discovered each year in galaxies beyond the Milky Way. Most are too faint to be seen without a telescope due to their great distances.

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Supernova for Dummies version:

         Scientists say that a star's lifetime is around 10 billion years old, and right now the Sun is about 5 billion years old, so it should be (you can do the statistical math). When the Sun goes supernova, be ready to say bye bye to mommy.
         After 10 billion years is up the Sun will start to expand and swell up like a fat man at an all you can eat bar. As it increases in size, it will devour Mercury, Venus and com a little too close to home. As the temperature increases we will be toasted beings, actually dead ones. The crust of the sun would remain rather cool than normal, only about 3,000 kelvin. Its normal temperature is about 6,000 kelvin. Within a quick time the star's core collapses and then explodes, leaving a black hole, matter and some  heat from the sun being blown out into space. The explosion can be seen from many galaxies away due to the bright light it emits. Strong gravitational pulling occurs as the black hole sucks everything into oblivion. Now on your merry little journey to oblivion, planets, comets and mass objects may collide creating catastrophes within a catastrophe.

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Conclusion:
         In conclusion, a supernova will come and there is nothing we can do about it but experience the massive pain it will inflict. Whenever it comes GOD HELP US ALL.

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