Fire Building
Fires were difficult for pioneers to make, because they did not have any wood! They had to get something that would burn quickly, so they started using buffalo chips. They collected the buffalo chips in a basket. It took 3 whole baskets of buffalo chips to cook a meal. In order to be safe when they made a fire they dug a trench. The trench was 6 inches wide, 10 inches deep, and 2 feet long. Then you would put the buffalo chips in the trench, and light it up with gun powder or matches. When they reached the Rocky Mountains there were no buffalo chips! It was still hard to find wood so the pioneers burned dead sagebrush branches.
Go to these pages to learn more about pioneer life on the trail: