1862

By this year, there were almost daily skirmishes.

In the West
A naval and land attack was mounted against Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in January and February with the North victorious under Grant.
The Battle of Shiloh, Tennessee, occurred in April, and even though Grant was again victorious, he was criticized for losing 13,000 men out of 62,000. Meanwhile, the Confederates had lost 10,700 out of 40,000, and their leader, Albert Sidney Johnston.

Virginia, The Shenandoah Valley, and Washington, D.C.
McClellan wanted to invade Virginia between the James and York Rivers. This involved the Confederate ship, the Virginia, which sank one Federal ship, and, when challenged by the Monitor, lost control of the waters, and the Battle ended in a stalemate. From here, McClellan planned to move troops to attack Richmond, and half the troops were left behind to defend Washington. The reason for this was that "Stonewall" Jackson, in the Shenandoah Valley, was expected to attack the capitol.

Peninsular Campaign
April second, George Brinton McClellan arrived at Fort Monroe with 100,000 men. The Fort was located at the peninsula between the York River and the James River. He seized Yorktown but let the defenders get away. May thirty-first brought the Confederates General Joseph E. Johnston unsuccessfully try to halt McClellan's drive at the town of Fair Oaks, a site about 10km from Richmond. General Johnston was hurt, and General Lee made him the Commander of a different army, the Army of Northern Virginia. The losses in this Campaign were heavy for both sides.

Battle of Antietam
General Lee wished to get British and French support of the Confederacy, so he invaded Maryland at Harpers Ferry to cut off the Union supply lines, but he was repulsed. The battle near Antietam Creek was the bloodiest one-day in the Civil War and in all of U.S. history. After this battle on July 22 President Lincoln declared that the purpose for the war was not only to preserve the Union, but also to free the slaves.

Battle of Perryville
In Perryville, Kentucky, the Confederate Army invaded, but the battle did not produce a clear victory. Citizens of Kentucky fought on both sides.

Fredricksburg
On December 13, under General Arbrose Burnside, the Union forces lost 12,600 soldiers to the Conferederate 5,300, who were positioned defensively in the Virginia hills. Two weeks later, on December 31, the two armies fought for three days and lost one third of their men at Murfreesboro, just southeast of Nashville, Tennessee.



		1862 By this year, there were almost daily skirmishes. In the West A naval and land attack was mounted against Fort Henry and Fort Donelson in January and February with the North victorious under Grant. The Battle of Shiloh, Tennessee, occurred in April, and even though Grant was again victorious, he was criticized for losing 13,000 men out of 62,000. Meanwhile, the Confederates had lost 10,700 out of 40,000, and their leader, Albert Sidney Johnston. Virginia, The Shenandoah Valley, and Washington, D.C. McClellan wanted to invade Virginia between the James and York Rivers. This involved the Confederate ship, the Virginia, which sank one Federal ship, and, when challenged by the Monitor, lost control of the waters, and the Battle ended in a stalemate. From here, McClellan planned to move troops to attack Richmond, and half the troops were left behind to defend Washington. The reason for this was that "Stonewall" Jackson, in the Shenandoah Valley, was expected to attack the capitol. Peninsular Campaign April second, George Brinton McClellan arrived at Fort Monroe with 100,000 men. The Fort was located at the peninsula between the York River and the James River. He seized Yorktown but let the defenders get away. May thirty-first brought the Confederates General Joseph E. Johnston unsuccessfully try to halt McClellan's drive at the town of Fair Oaks, a site about 10km from Richmond. General Johnston was hurt, and General Lee made him the Commander of a different army, the Army of Northern Virginia. The losses in this Campaign were heavy for both sides. Battle of Antietam General Lee wished to get British and French support of the Confederacy, so he invaded Maryland at Harpers Ferry to cut off the Union supply lines, but he was repulsed. The battle near Antietam Creek was the bloodiest one-day in the Civil War and in all of U.S. history. After this battle on July 22 President Lincoln declared that the purpose for the war was not only to preserve the Union, but also to free the slaves. Battle of Perryville In Perryville, Kentucky, the Confederate Army invaded, but the battle did not produce a clear victory. Citizens of Kentucky fought on both sides. Fredricksburg On December 13, under General Arbrose Burnside, the Union forces lost 12,600 soldiers to the Conferederate 5,300, who were positioned defensively in the Virginia hills. Two weeks later, on December 31, the two armies fought for three days and lost one third of their men at Murfreesboro, just southeast of Nashville, Tennessee.