5 ,200 Puerto Ricans (1901)

Puerto Ricans emigrated to Hawaii brought their whole families, expecting to establish a new community. They road a train from New Orleans to California. Then by ship to Hawaii.

46,000 Chinese (1852-1897)

The Chinese weree the first to arrive as workers. They were mostly men, and many left the plantation after finishing their contracts. The ones that stayed often married Hawaiian women to start a family and became farmers and storeowners.

126,000 Filipinos (1907-1946)

Mostly single men went to work as field workers to make money to send home. Later women also moved to Hawaii. Families in Hawaii continue to have a close relationship with relatives back in the Philippines.

Okinawans (1900-1924)

Okinawa was annexed by Japan in 1879 and Okinawans were counted as part of the Japanese migration. The Okinawans are a different cultural group from the Japanese.

7,000 Koreans (1903-1905)

Over 40% of Korean emigrants were Christians seeking religious freedom and a western way of life in Hawaii. Some Koreans left for Hawaii to enjoy political freedom.

17,500 Portuguese (1878-1913)

Portuguese families came to Hawaii to live in a new place permanently. They started as field workers, then often moved into luna (supervisory) positions.

180,00 Japanese (1885-1924)

Mostly single men came as contract laborers, but later woman emigrated as picture brides. Families became important. They are the largest immigrant group. Their culture has greatly influenced the plantation community and Hawaii in general.