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Element 82 - Lead (Pb) sound

From Old English lead; symbol Pb from its Latin name, plumbum, also the origin of plumber; prehistoric. Enormously durable, lead has been the backbone of plumbing for centuries. Lead pipes once used to drain the baths of ancient Rome have been uncovered still in working order.

Properties

Atomic Number: 82
Atomic Weight: 207.2
Electron Configuration (at ground state): 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d104f145s25p65d106s26p2
Oxidation States (Bold most stable): +4, +2
Boiling Point (K): 2023
Melting Point (K): 600.65
Density (at 300K -- g/cm3): 11.35
Atomic Volume (at 300K -- cm3/mol) 18.30
Number of stable isotopes: 4
Number of natural radioactive isotopes: 4
Mass Number (Bold naturally occurring) -- Half-Life -- Disintigration Type: 202 -- 3 x 105 years -- orbital electron capture
205 -- 3 x 107 years -- orbital electron capture
210 -- 22.3 years -- beta particle (electron) emission, alpha particle emission
Covalent Radius (Å): 1.47
Atomic Radius (Å): 1.75
First Ionization Potential (V): 7.416
Electronegativity (Pauling's): 2.33
Specific Heat Capacity (at 300K -- J g-1 K-1): 0.129
Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol): 177.9
Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol): 4.77
Electrical Conductivity (at 293K for polycrystalline material -- 106 (ohms)-1 cm-1): 4.8
Thermal Conductivity (at 300K -- W m-1 K-1): 35.3
Crystal Structure: Cubic, face centered
Acid-Base Properties: Amphoteric