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Element 51 - Antimony (Sb) sound

From antimonos, "opposed to solitude" (it generally occurs mixed with other elements); symbol Sb from stibium, or mark (it was once used as eyebrow pencil); discovered about 1450. Antimony is mixed with lead in batteries and goes into type metal and pewter alloys.

Properties

Atomic Number: 51
Atomic Weight: 121.757
Electron Configuration (at ground state): 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d105s25p3
Oxidation States (Bold most stable): -3, +3, +5
Boiling Point (K): 1860
Melting Point (K): 903.91
Density (at 300K -- g/cm3): 6.69
Atomic Volume (at 300K -- cm3/mol) 18.40
Number of stable isotopes: 2
Mass Number (Bold naturally occurring) -- Half-Life -- Disintigration Type: 124 -- 60.20 days -- beta particle (electron) emission
125 -- 2.7 years -- beta particle (electron) emission
Covalent Radius (Å): 1.40
Atomic Radius (Å): 1.59
First Ionization Potential (V): 8.641
Electronegativity (Pauling's): 2.05
Specific Heat Capacity (at 300K -- J g-1 K-1): 0.207
Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol): 67.97
Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol): 19.83
Electrical Conductivity (at 293K for polycrystalline material -- 106 (ohms)-1 cm-1): 2.6
Thermal Conductivity (at 300K -- W m-1 K-1): 24.3
Crystal Structure: Rhombohedral
Acid-Base Properties: Slightly acidic