
Properties | |
| Atomic Number: | 45 |
| Atomic Weight: | 102.9055 |
| Electron Configuration (at ground state): | 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p64d85s1 |
| Oxidation States (Bold most stable): | +2, +3, +4 |
| Boiling Point (K): | 3970 |
| Melting Point (K): | 2236 |
| Density (at 300K -- g/cm3): | 12.41 |
| Atomic Volume (at 300K -- cm3/mol) | 8.30 |
| Number of stable isotopes: | 1 |
| Number of natural radioactive isotopes: | ### |
| Mass Number (Bold naturally occurring) -- Half-Life -- Disintigration Type: |
101 -- 3.3 years -- orbital electron capture |
| Covalent Radius (Å): | 1.25 |
| Atomic Radius (Å): | 1.34 |
| First Ionization Potential (V): | 7.46 |
| Electronegativity (Pauling's): | 2.28 |
| Specific Heat Capacity (at 300K -- J g-1 K-1): | 0.242 |
| Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol): | 495.39 |
| Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol): | 21.76 |
Electrical Conductivity (at 293K for polycrystalline material -- 106 -1 cm-1): |
23 |
| Thermal Conductivity (at 300K -- W m-1 K-1): | 150 |
| Crystal Structure: | Cubic, face centered |
| Acid-Base Properties: | Amphoteric |