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Element 12 - Magnesium (Mg) sound

From Magnesia, an ancient city in Asia Minor; discovered 1775; eigth most abundant element; burns as a powder or foil in firecrackers, bombs, and flash bulbs. It has one odd biological effect: a deficiency in man can have the same effect as alcoholism--delirium termens.

Properties

Atomic Number: 12
Atomic Weight: 24.305
Electron Configuration (at ground state): 1s22s22p63s2
Oxidation States (Bold most stable): +2
Boiling Point (K): 1380
Melting Point (K): 922
Density (at 300K -- g/cm3): 1.74
Atomic Volume (at 300K -- cm3/mol) 14.0
Number of stable isotopes: 3
Mass Number (Bold naturally occurring) -- Half-Life -- Disintigration Type: 28 -- 20.9 hours -- beta particle (electron) emission
Covalent Radius (Å): 1.36
Atomic Radius (Å): 1.60
First Ionization Potential (V): 9.322
Electronegativity (Pauling's): 1.31
Specific Heat Capacity (at 300K -- J g-1 K-1): 1.02
Heat of Vaporization (kJ/mol): 127.6
Heat of Fusion (kJ/mol): 8.95
Electrical Conductivity (at 293K for polycrystalline material -- 106 (ohms)-1 cm-1): 22.4
Thermal Conductivity (at 300K -- W m-1 K-1): 156
Crystal Structure: Hexagonal
Acid-Base Properties: Very basic