Special Limits

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      Below are special limits that are encountered in the AP test. Note that the sin and cos limits must have x heading toward 0.

      lim sin x = 1
     ^{x-->0   x}

      lim 1 - cos x = 0
     ^{x-->0    x}

      lim (1 + 1/n)ⁿ = e
     ^{n--> infinity}

The following are nonexistent limits that are encountered on the AP test as well.

      lim 1/x^{2
  x-->0}

      lim |x|
   ^{x-->0   x}