Mass (kg)............................................ 4.87 x 10^24 Diameter ............................................ 7,519 mi. (12104 km.) Mean density (kg/m^3) ............................... 5250 Escape velocity (m/sec).............................. 10400Distance from the sun ............................... Shortest-66,800,000 mi.(107,500,000 km.) Greatest-67,700,000 mi.(108,900,000 km.) Mean-67,230,000 mi.(108,200,000 km.) Rotation period (length of day in Earth days)........ 243.0 (retrograde) Revolution period (length of year in Earth days)..... 224.7
Obliquity (tilt of axis degrees)..................... 178 Orbit inclination (degrees).......................... 3.39 Orbit eccentricity (deviation from circular)......... 0.007
Mean surface temperature(Fahrenheit) ................ 864 F
Visual geometric albedo (reflectivity)............... 0.59 Highest point on surface............................. Maxwell Montes (17 km above mean planetary radius) Atmospheric components............................... 96% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, 0.1% water vapor Surface materials.................................... basaltic rock and altered materials
Number of Satellites................................. None