Pedigrees
Backround Information:
The pedigree below shows the pattern of inheritance in a family for a specific trait. The trait being shown is earlobe shape. Geneticists recognize two general lobe types. The gene responsible for free lobes (E) is dominant over the gene for attached lobes (e). In a pedigree, each generation is represented by a Roman numeral. Each person in a generation is numbered. Thus each person can be identified by a generation number and an individual number. Males are represented by squares whereas females are represented by circles (see figure below). 
All darkened symbols on a pedigree represent individuals who are homozygous recessive for the trait being studied. Therefore, persons I-1 and II-2 have genotypes ee. They are the only two individuals who are homzygous recessive and show the recessive trait. They have attached ear lobes.
All undarkeded symbols have at least one dominant gene (E). The genotype for person I-2 is either EE or Ee. How can you determine which it is? Punnett squares can be used to aid in determining the genotypes. If the mother (I-2) is EE, then a Punnett square like the one below results in all children having free ear lobes:
Because one child has attached ear lobes, person I-2 must be Ee. What are the genotypes for children II-3 and II-4. Because they have attached ear lobes, II-3 and II-4 can only be Ee because the father is ee and the mother is Ee. Because he has free lobes, person II-1 (husband of only daughter) may be EE or Ee. All children would be Ee (free lobes) if the father were EE (figure below).
If the father were Ee, half the children would probably have attached ear lobes, ee (figure below).
There are not enough children to make a definate conclusion. With only one child, either genotype is possible for the father. Therefore, his genotype is show as "?".
Procedure
Using the same genes as above for ear lobe shape, determine the genotype of all individuals in the famillies below:
