The scientific evidence, accumulated in
over more than two decades of study by the international research community,
has shown that human-made chemicals are responsible for the observed depletions
of the ozone layer over Antarctica and likely play a major role in global ozone
losses. The ozone-depleting compounds contain various combinations of the chemical
elements chlorine, fluorine, bromine, carbon, and hydrogen, and are of
described by the general term halocarbons.
The compounds that contain only carbon, chlorine, and fluorine are called chlorofluorocarbons, usually abbreviated as CFCs. CFCs, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform are important human-made ozone-depleting gases that have been used in many applications including refrigeration, air conditioning, foam blowing, cleaning of electronics components, and as solvents. Another important group of human-made halocarbons are the halons, which contain carbon, bromine, fluorine, and (in some cases) chlorine, and have been mainly used as fire extinguishants. Governments have decided to discontinue production of CFCs, halons, carbon tetrachloride, and methyl chloroform, and industry has developed more "ozone-friendly" substitutes.
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