Scene 1: The History of Film: The 1960s

	Pre 1930s \| 1930s \| 1940s \| 1950s \| 1960s \| 1970s \| 1980s \| 1990s 1960- Spartacus, by famed director Stanley Kubrick, is released. 1962- James Bond makes his first appearance. 1965- The Pawnbroker, directed by Sidney Lumet becomes the first movie with to get a Production Code seal. Shortly thereafter the Movie Production Codes were abolished as old-fashioned and a hindrance to film-makers trying to create appealing cinema to a more liberal audience. For a few brief years films were made without any regulatory rating on them whatsoever. 1966- The Motion Picture Association of America, under new president Jack Valenti, announces the need for a classification system created by members of the industry to avoid government censorship. Soon after the current system of ‘G’ through ‘NC-17’ was adopted. 1969- Midnight Cowboy, wins the Best Picture Oscar despite its X-rating. It is later reevaluated and given an R-. A continuing decline in box office sales as movie-goers increasingly stayed home to watch their T.V.’s, coupled with a large wave of retirements as the directors and producers who had been at the helm since silent films began dropped out of the industry, left studios crippled. Corporate takeovers were commonplace and for a few years, studios remained financial corpses while larger entertainment companies (and occasionally unrelated corporations such as insurance companies) bought them up. The result was a more corporate and finance focused viewpoint throughout Hollywood and a void waiting to be filled by new talent as Hollywood entered the 1970’s.
				Equipment and Techniques Movies of the Time Major Happenings Foreign Film

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