Christianity
Christianity has one holy book, the Bible (Greek for 'book'). The Bible is divided into two sections, the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament contains the five books of the Jewish Pentateuch: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy. The rest of the Old Testament primarily consists of historical accounts and prophecies, although there are books containing praise songs, words of wisdom, and poetry.
Christians usually consider the New Testament a more relevant and important portion of the Bible, as it contains more practical significance to the believer. The most important writing the New Testament contains is the four written accounts of Jesus's ministry, the Gospels ("good news") of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. The New Testament also contains many letters, usually written by one of the Twelve Apostles to a major church of that time. These letters contain many spiritual truths and solutions to problems that plagued the early church.
Islam
"This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who
fear Allah; Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of
what We have provided for them. And who believe in the revelation sent
to thee, and sent before thy time, and (in their hearts) have assurance
of the Hereafter." (Quran 2:2-4)
The Quran is the one Holy Book of Islam, and the basis of it. To
Muslims, the Quran is the direct word of Allah, sent down to Prophet
Muhammed through revelation. The purpose of humanity is to worship God
alone and to fruitfully live their lives trusting in Him; guidance and
Signs were provided for people so that they may understand that. All the
Prophets were followers of His guidance, and their duty was to instruct
their people according to it. Every time people would forget His
guidance, God would send a prophet reminding people of it, so belief
would constantly flourish.
"We did send messengers before thee, and appointed for them wives and
children: and it was never the part of a messenger to bring a Sign
except as Allah permitted (or commanded). For each period is a Book
(revealed)." (Quran 13:38)
All Books were part of one Messege: to worship God alone. These Books
were the Tawrah, the Torah or Law of Moses, the Zabur or the Pslams of
David, the Injeel or the Gospel of Jesus, and there is also mention of
Suhuf Ibrahim or the Scrolls of Abraham. They were Books that were
revealed to each of their Prophets for their people. The doctrines of
these Books may differ now, but if a person looks deeper into them,
he'll find that there is something that binds them together.
"It was We who revealed the Law (to Moses); therein was guidance and
light. By its standard have been judged the Jews, by the Prophets who
bowed ( in Islam) to Allah's will, by the Rabbis and the Doctors of Law:
for them was entrusted the protection of Allah's Book, and they were
witnesses thereto : therefore fear not men, but fear Me, and sell not My
Signs for a miserable price. If any do fail to judge by (the light of )
what Allah hath revealed, they are (no better then) Unbelievers." (Quran
5:44)
"And in their footsteps We sent Jesus the son of Mary, confirming the
Law that had come before him: We sent him the Gospel: therein was
guidance and light, and confirmation of the Law that had come before
him: a guidance and admoniton to those who fear Allah." (Quran 5:46)
"To thee We sent the Scripture in truth, confirming the scripture that
came before it, and guarding it in safety: so judge between them by what
Allah hath revealed..." (Quran 5:48)