There are 4 important poles to know in Antarctica: South Pole- Located at 90 degrees S and in a longitude that could not be described (all the longitude lines meet here), this pole is no doubt a geographical pole of the Earth, where the Earth's axis meet its surface. South Magnetic Pole- The Earth could be described as a big magnet, and this pole is where the compass needle points to as its South (in Southern Hemisphere only). In 1965, it was at 66.5 degrees S, 139.9 degrees E. Now it is at 68 degrees S, 143 degrees E and still moving around at a rate of about 10 km per year. South Geomagnetic Pole- Although Earth is a magnet, the North and South magnetic poles are not in a symmetrical position unlike a bar magnet. At around 78.6 degrees S, 110.0 degrees E, this pole is where the compass needle would show for south when using it in the northern hemisphere. (note: in the northern hemisphere, the compass will be attracted to the North magnetic pole; thus the other end of the needle is the South Geomagnetic Pole) Unreachable Pole- This pole exists only in the South Pole. As you can imagine from the name, it is the point in Antarctica farthest from all the coastline, thus making it hardest to reach. Located at 82.3 degrees S, 65.7 degrees E, it is on top of an ice sheet 4300 meters high and has one of the harshest natural environment on Earth.