Structure of Leaves

The functions of the leaf include trapping light for photosynthesis, controlling transpiration, and releasing oxygen and storing carbon dioxide.

Structurally, the leaf provides a high surface area to volume ratio. The internal layers of the leaf (from top to bottom) include the cuticle, the upper epidermis, the mesophyll, and the lower epidermis. Veins and bundle sheath cells are located in the mesophyll. Stomates, which regulate the flow of carbon dioxide and oxygen into and out of the leaf, are located in the lower epidermis.