Material Culture

The main livelihood of the horse tribes was the agriculture and the stockbreeding. That is why the new climatic conditions played a very important role. The south parts of the peninsula had a warm Mediterranean climate, the north Thrace was open to the north winds and the frightful Borei who entered through Thrace. Rich and fertile was the land of Dobroudja and the Danube plain, full of swift- flowing rivers, lakes, firths and venerable deciduous woods. The high mountains were very alluring. They remind of the native land. In the lands, which were conquered later, boundless massive of slender fir- trees and pines spread. There were clear brooks, foam rivers, mineral springs, fragrant herbs, precious ores, from which copper, lead, silver, gold were extracted. The valley gave out a sweet perfume from the roses. The woods offered not only wooden material but also varied game. For example one could meet wolves, bears, foxes, hogs, roes, deers, hares, bulls, buffaloes, and in southern Thrace lions and panthers as well. The rivers were full of all kinds of fish.  The two consistent invasions of horse tribes in the northeast region of the peninsula were mot good for the so- called demography factor.After them an offence of the demography balance took place, because of the large number of people who were murdered, who ran away or carried away by the new offensives toward west. The archeological finds show high children death rate.

The movement of people from south to north, which was typical for the Eneolite, at that time had a negative effect. The main means of living of the Thracian people in the very beginning of their settlement in the lands of Dobroudja was traditional. The rich natural conditions offered for the people chance to practice their old skills such as hunt and fishing. The farm work wanted a strong and good preparation. While the vast lands and the gushed water gave an opportunity for the breeding of goats, pigs, cattle, mules and the sacred animal, according to the Thracian, the horse. The dog was a faithful assistant. Thracians were famous for their ability to breed horses. The horses were used as carthorses. There is a find of an old wooden cart with massive wheels, made by a thick wooden disk. It is one of the first proofs that the Thracian tribes knew the wheel and made not only war carts but also cart transport, which they used for their everyday economy needs.
    Later on the apiculture was the main source for the production and export of honey and wax. The land was fertile, and with the introduction of the wooden plough it was more easy for the cultivation of barley, wheat, the Thracian rye, lentils, millet, oats, broad beans, onions, garlic; from the technical cultures- hemp, flax, hops. The corn they kept as they buried it in deep pits.
At the end of the II BC farm and cattle tribes became impoverished, and that gave opportunity of viticulture and fruit- culture to develop. The Thracian wines were famous. That is why everyday ships carried jars with the famous Thracian wine to the camp of the Greeks in front of Troja.
    1500 BC the ore- mining, the metal work, the carting trade, the arms production were regenerated. This had an effect over all of the spheres of the social and economical life, in the customs of the Thracian tribes and the development of other crafts, like leather- working, weaving, pottery- making.