Marian Smoluchowski, the Polish physicist, was born in 1872. In 1900 he became the professor at the University of Lwow (Uniwersytet Lwowski), and in 1913 he took the chair of physics at the Jagiellonian University of Cracow (Uniwersytet Jagielloński w Krakowie). He was one of the most prominent Polish physicists. Above all he worked on the phenomena connected with the thermal motion of molecules and atoms. Independently of Einstein, he developed the formula explaining the Brownian movement. He was working on the statistical interpretation of the second law of thermodynamics. Many of his works were crucial for science
But his works were not only belonging to physics - he was also the author of many works of physical chemistry, geophysics, and geology.