Biology
Counters on different biological and ecological issues

atmosphere
forests
water consumption

Atmosphere

Bild eines beinahe verhangenen Himmels
Our atmosphere is continually warming up. The effects can be felt more and more even today. As a consequence the climate is changing and more and more violent catastophes are coming up. Droughts, floods and cold spells are no more rarities. Environmental catastrophes take often place in poor development countries, whose population is consequently suffering most.
Warming up of the atmosphere since the beginning of 1900*: (Celsius degree)


The increase is mainly due to the greenhouse effect. Greenhouse gases like CO2 are hindering the exit of thermal radiation out of the atmosphere and as a consequence the temperature is rising.
CO2 emission since beginning of 1999: tons
*Estimation. Sources: Hadley-Center, CDIAC

forests

Bild eines traumhaften Stücks Wald
Still very few things are happening to avoid the cutting especially of tropical forests. The burning of huge quantities of forests is going on. The gained soil is only covered by a thin humus layer and a few years later, the new fields are infertile. The worlds forest area is correspondingly falling.
Actually there are hectares of forest in the world


Most of the destroyed forests are in developing countries.
Forest area in developing countries: hectares


In industrial countries the development has been stopped and there is even a small increase of forest area.
Forest area in industrial countries: hectares


The situation remains dramatical. The burning foresta are charging the atmosphere with CO2 and contribute fatally to the greenhouse effect.
balance: Since the beginning of 1999 hectares of forest have been destroyed.
Source: "Der Fischer Weltalmanach 1999", p. 1200 ff.

water
consumption

Bild eines Flusses
Water consuption increases with industrialization. There is enough water over all but there might be local shortfalls of supply. There is for instance a huge lack of water in Mexico City with its 15 million habitants.
Worldwide water consuption since the beginning of 1999: tons


Dividing this value by the actual world population gives a amazing value. The tremendous water comsumption is mainly due to the industry.
Water comsumption per head since the 1.1.1999: liters.
Source: USCSD, "Der Fischer Weltalmanach 1999"