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Chapter One: An Introduction to Cells

• Cells and their history
• The meaning of "life"
• The origin of life
• How cells work
• Types of unicellular organisms

Chapter Two: The Chemistry of Biology

• Elements and atoms
• Molecules and their formation
• Molecular and structural formulas
• Chemical reactions
• Acids, bases, and buffers
• Organic compounds and the importance of carbon
• Different types of organic compounds
• Enzymes and coenzymes
• Factors which affect the efficiency of an enzyme
• Diffusion

Chapter Three: Cell Structures

• The cell membrane and the cell wall
• Movement through the cell membrane
• Vacuoles, vesicles, lysosomes, and perixosomes
• The nucleus, nucleolus, and ribosomes
• The endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi bodies
• The mitochondria
• The cytoskeleton
• Cilia, flagella, and pseudopodia
• Plastids

Chapter Four: Cell Nutrition and Respiration

• Endocytosis and exocytosis
• Energy, exergonic reactions, and endergonic reactions
• How cells store energy: ATP
• Glycolysis
• Anaerobic processes
• The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain
• Chemiosmosis
• Energy yield for aerobic respiration
• Overview of photosynthesis
• Noncyclic electron flow and the Calvin cycle

Chapter Five: Cell Reproduction

• Organization of DNA
• Prokaryotic cell division
• The cell cycle
• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis

Chapter Six: DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis

• Early hypotheses regarding the genetic material
• The famous DNA experiments
• DNA's chemical composition and structure
• The packing of DNA in eukaryotes
• DNA replication
• Transcription of RNA
• Types of RNA and the mRNA code
• Translation
• Mutations

Chapter Seven: The Classification of Unicellular Organisms

• General classification of organisms
• Spirochetes, Myxobacteria, and Cyanobacteria
• Algae
• Euglenas
• Chrysophytes and Pyrrophytes
• Protozoa
• Phyla Mastigophora and Sarcodina
• Phyla Sporozoa and Ciliophora

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