The Flora of the oceans mainly consist of Algae. The big subject "ALGAE" is divided into the following subsections:
With algae we want to summarise chlorophyll-prominent organisms. The Latin (and Italian) name alga originally defines all plants living in the water. Greek phykos (Latin fucus) is originally only used for larger sea algae (seaweed, sea-grasses). The ending - phyceae for the scientific designation of the alga classes is derived from this tribe. All alga cells are organised eukaryotic, i.e., its cell body protoplast) is divided by non-standard, diaphragm into reaction spaces, which separately fulfil different live functions. Breathing, assimilation, material syntheses, information storage and - transfer are bounded to specific, diaphragm-limited Organelles, to Mitochondrion and the core.
The simplest form of the reproduction is the cell division, i.e. the division in which the cell is divided into two parts. It takes place with the flagellata by longitudinal splitting of the protoplast. Plasma and core division run synchronously. The scourges of the mother cell are preserved, thrown off or drawn in, the new developed during the division process.
The blue algae are an ancient organism trunk. They are probable the oldest green organisms, which ever lived on earth, representing a defined, systematic unit. Despite their wealth of shapes and their world-wide spreading, they prefer to live in biotopes, i.e. locations of extreme ecological constitution. The blue algae differ by the complete absence of flagellates as well as the specific pattern of colour and reserve materials from all other algae. The size of their cell, which generally only achieves dimensions around 5 µm, is also a characteristic trait.
Movement an Reproduction
Most blue algae are immovable ameboids or movement caused by outer organelles are unknown. They however can slide themselves to another place. There are different possibilities. Either they slide toward their lengthening axle or they slide and rotate in addition which goes faster, or they oscillate transverse to the longitudinal axis, which looks like they are wriggle. The blue algae is the only family of all plants were sexual reproduction is unknown.
Where they live...
The blue algae are generally common on the earth's surface. They are present, everywhere where organisms live. Their ecological power enables them, to unfold themselves. In such places, where there isn’t the competition of other plants, the blue algae prove themselves as controlling members of the vegetation. Most blue algae need light, in order to life. In waters, the light radiation is absorbed which means that in lakes with the depth around 10m, only about 10 %, in the ocean, at depths around 100m, only about 1% of the light intensity is available. Despite that, there are still some algae, which can survive in 4000m deep ocean basins. These however aren’t blue, they are red- violet coloured, the reason why the Red Sea got its name. The assimilation reaches its upper boundary at temperatures around 65 degrees Celsius. In the hoisting sources of mineral, the blue algae are the only "settlers", which lead assimilation and are actively viable up to temperatures around 75 degrees. Interesting is however, that the blue algae do not grow at temperatures under 30 degrees Celsius. But there are also many blue algae, which can bear very low temperatures. Thus, they occur in the Antarctic under the conditions of the extreme heat lack (temperatures around -88 degrees Celsius). Because the blue algae possess the possibility of binding nitrogen, they can easily adapt to almost each ecological condition, which could be the reason why the algae are predominant in our waters.
