| Date | Event |
| Early Rome | |
| April 21,753 BC | Traditional date of the founding of Rome by Romulus |
| 753 BC | Romulus becomes the first king of the city of Rome. War with the Sabines occours during the reign of Romulus. |
| 717 BC | Romulus dies and Rome is ruled by the senate for a period of one year |
| 715 BC | Numa Pompillius becomes the second king of Rome ushering in a period of peace and justice |
| 673 BC | Numa dies and Tullius Hostilius becomes the third king of Rome. His reign was full of warfare. |
| 642 BC | Tullius Hostilius dies and Ancus Martius becomes the 4th king of Rome. During his reign, religion was emphasized over warfare. |
| 616 BC | Ancus Martius dies and Lucius Tarquinius Priscus becomes the 5th king of Rome. He was the first king of Etruscan origin |
| 578 BC | Tarquin dies and Servius Tullius becomes the 6th king of Rome. He was a passive and lawful king who was later betrayed and murdered by his sucessor, Tarquin the Proud. |
| 535 BC | Servius Tullius and assasinated and Tarquinius Superbus becomes the last king of Rome. His reign was cruel and unjust, and he was later exiled from Rome. |
| 510 BC | Tarquins exiled from Rome ending the Monarchy and beginning the republic. |
| The Republic | |
| 510 BC | War with the Tarquins |
| 486 - 405 BC | War with the Volscians and the Aequians |
| 405 - 396 BC | War with the Etruscans |
| 390 BC | Invasion of Rome by the Gauls. The city is sacked |
| 367 BC | Laws are passed that state that one of the two consuls must be of Plebian origin |
| 340 - 338 BC | The Latin wars |
| 343 - 290 BC | The war with the Samnites |
| 281 - 272 BC | War with the Greeks |
| 264 - 241 BC | First Punic War |
| 218 - 201 BC | Second Punic War |
| 146 BC | Third Punic War and destruction of Carthage |
| 133 BC | Tiberius Graccus elected Tribune |
| 123 BC | Gaius Graccus elected Tribune |
| 100 BC | Birth of Julius Caesar |
| 88 BC | Conflict between Marius and Sulla |
| 78 BC | Death of Sulla |
| 73 - 70 BC | Great Spartacus slave revolt |
| 63 BC | Birth of Gaius Octavius, future emperor of Rome |
| 59 BC | First Triumverant instituted and Caesar is elected Consul |
| 58 - 49 BC | Caesar's Gaellic campaigns |
| 42 BC | Birth of Tiberius Claudius Nero, the future second emperor of Rome |
| 39 BC | Marriage of Livia Drusilla to Gaius Octavius |
| The Empire | |
| 31 BC | The battle of Actium. Octavius becomes sole ruler of the Roman empire and republic ends |
| 20 BC | Tiberius defeats the Prthians and retrieves Rome's lost legionary Eagles |
| 17 BC | Augustus holds the Secular Games |
| 12 BC | Augustus made Pontifex Maximus |
| 10 BC | Birth of Tiberius Claudius, the future 4th emperor of Rome |
| 4 BC | Birth of Servius Galba, future emperor of Rome. Birth of Jesus Christ |
| 2 BC | Augustus named "Father of his country" by the senate |
| 9 AD | Birth of Titus Vespasinus Flavius, future founder of the Flavian dynasty |
| 12 AD | Birth of Gaius (Caligula) |
| 14 AD | Death of Augustus Caesar and ascention of Tiberius. Soldiers on the Rhine and Danube frontiers revolt |
| 26 AD | Tiberius retires to Capri and Sejanus is in total control of Rome |
| 30 AD | Birth of Nerva |
| 32 AD | Birth of future emperor Vitellius |
| 37 AD | Death of Tiberius and ascension of Gaius Birth of Gnaeus Domitius Anenorbarbus, the future emperor, Nero. |
| 41 AD | Caligula is assasinated and Claudius is made emperor by the Praetorian Guard |
| 51 AD | Birth of Domitan |
| 54 AD | Death of Claudius and ascension of Nero as the last emperor of the Julio Claudian line |
| 64 AD | Great fire in Rome. Said to be caused by Nero |
| 67 AD | Vespasian sent to quell uprising in Judea |
| 68 AD | Death of Nero and beginning of the Year of the 4 emperors |
| 69 AD | Reign Galba Reign Otho Reign of Vitellius Flavian line begins |
| 70 AD | Titus sent to quell uprising in Jude |
| 79 AD | Death of Vespasian and ascension of Titus |
| 81 AD | Eruption of Mount Vesuvius and destruction of Pompeii and Hercullanium Titus dies and Domitan becomes emperor |
| 96 AD | Assasination of Domitan and ascension of Nerva |
| 98 AD | Death of Nerva and ascension of Trajan |
| 100 AD | Trajan begins Dacian Campaigns |
| 113 AD | Trajan begins his campaigns against Parthia and Armenia |
| 117 AD | Death of Trajan and ascension of Hadrian |
| 121 AD | Birth of future emperor Marcus Aurelius |
| 135 AD | Jewish revolt in Judea |
| 138 AD | Death of Hadrian and ascension of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Verus Birth of the future emperor Commodus |
| 169 AD | Death of Lucius Verus |
| 180 Ad | Death of Marcus Aurelius and ascension of Commodus |
| 192 AD | Death of Commodus End of Antoine Dynasty Beginning of the end for the Western Roman Empire |