| Color Key | |||
| Golden Years | Silver Years | Copper Years | War or Bad Years |
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Common Name |
Latin Name |
Period of Reign |
Important Events during Reign |
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Julio Claudian |
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Gaius Octavius |
14 BCE - 27 ADE |
Establishment of permanent frontier. Building of highways. |
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Tiberius Claudius Nero |
ADE 14-37 |
Revolt of Rhine legions. Purges of Sujanius. |
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Gaius Julius Germanicus |
ADE 37-41 |
Killed by Praetorian Guard. |
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Tiberius Claudius Germanicus |
ADE 41-54 |
Conquest of Britain. |
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Nero Claudius Germanicus |
ADE 54-68 |
Jewish Revolt. Great fire in Rome. Queen Bodica's revolt. |
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Servius Sulpicius Galba |
ADE 69 |
Short Emperor |
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Marcus Salvius Otho |
ADE 69 |
Short Emperor |
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Aulus Vitellius Germanicus |
ADE 69 |
Short Emperor |
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Flavians |
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Titus Flavius Vespasianus |
ADE 69-79 |
End of the Jewish revolt. Building of the Great Coliseum. |
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Titus Flavius Vespasianus |
ADE 79-81 |
Eruption of Mt. Vesuvius. |
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Titus Flavius Domitianus I |
ADE 81-96 |
Agricola in Britain. Dacian Wars. |
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Antoinnes |
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Marcus Cocceius Nerva |
ADE 96-98 |
Veteran colonies established in Africa. |
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Marcus Ulpius Traianus |
ADE 98-117 |
Conquest of Dacia and Parthia. 40-day triumph held in Rome. |
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Publius Aelius Hadrianus |
ADE 117-138 |
Hadrian's Wall built in Britain. |
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Arrius Antoninus Pius |
ADE 138-161 |
Antonine Wall built north of Hadrian's Wall. |
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Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Lucius Aurelius Verus |
ADE 161-180 |
Parthian Wars. Wars defending the Danube frontier. |
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Marcus Aurelius Commodus Antoninus |
ADE 180-192 |
Stages brutal gladiatorial fights with himself as the gladiator. |
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| Not Part of an Imperial Family | |||
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Publius Helvius Pertinax |
ADE 193-193 |
Bought the Principate in an auction by the Praetorian Guards. |
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Marcus Didius Julianus |
ADE 193-193 |
Assassinated in Italy, fighting Severus. |
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| Severans | |||
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Lucius Septimius Severus |
ADE 193 - 211 |
Defeated Niger and Albinus for the throne. First emperor born in Africa. |
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Marcus Aurelius Antoninus |
ADE 211 - 217 |
All free people in the empire made Roman citizens. |
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Marcus Opellius Macrinus |
ADE 217 - 218 |
Buys peace with Parthians. Killed by forces loyal to the Severen dynasty. |
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Marcus Aurelius Antoninus II |
ADE 218 - 222 |
Worshiped the Syrian sun god, Elagabalus. |
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Marcus Aurelius Alexander |
ADE 222 - 235 |
The new Persian king Ardashir attacks the empire. Killed by own legions after negotiating with barbarian tribes. |
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| Soldier Emperors | |||
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Gaius Julius Verus Maximinus I |
ADE 235 - 238 |
Fearsome soldier of Germanic birth. Killed by while putting down a rebellion. |
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Marcus Antonius Gordianus III |
ADE 238 - 244 |
Young, dependent on others. Killed by own soldiers while fighting the Persians. |
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Marcus Julius Philippus I |
ADE 244 - 249 |
From the eastern provinces. 1000th anniversary of the founding of Rome took place |
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Gaius Messius Quintus Traianus Decius |
ADE 249 - 251 |
Devastating Gothic invasions. Dies fighting the Goths |
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Gaius Vibius Afinius Trebonianus Gallus I / Gaius Valens Hostilianus Messius Quintus |
ADE 251-253 |
Hostillius dies during epidemic. Gallus forced to buy Goths off. |
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Marcus Aemilius Aemilianus |
ADE 253 |
Killed by own troops. |
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Publius Licinius Valerianus |
ADE 253 - 260 |
Attacks of Franks, Alemanni, Goths and Persians. Captured and held captive for the rest of his life by the latter. |
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Publius Licinius Egnatius Gallienus |
ADE 260 - 268 |
Son of Valerian, dies while fighting Claudius. |
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Marcus Aurelius Valerius Claudius II Gothicus Maximus |
ADE 268 - 270 |
Defeats the Goths. Names successor before death. |
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Lucius Domitius Aurelianus |
ADE 270 - 275 |
Defeats all barbarian tribes in the frontier. Subdues rebel emperors in Gaul and Palmyra. Dies while attacking the Persians |
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Marcus Claudius Tacitus Augustus |
ADE 275 - 276 |
Defeats Alani. Implements new legal reforms. |
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Marcus Aurelius Equitius Probus |
ADE 276 - 282 |
Invades Germany, forces tribes to sign alliance. Destroys last traces of rebels within the Empire. Assassinated by own troops in a fit of rage. |
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Marcus Aurelius Numerius Carus |
ADE 282 - 283 |
Captures Persian capitol. Dies of natural causes. |
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Marcus Aurelius Carinus Marcus Aurelius Numerius Numerianus |
ADE 283 - 285 |
Sons of Carus. Numerianus dies of disease. Carinus defeated by Dioclectian. |
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Aurelius Valerius Diocletlanus |
ADE 284 - 305 |
Adopts eastern customs. Makes huge and lasting edicts on the empire. |
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