A Realschule is a school that's a little more advanced that the Hauptschule. Here students learn the basic subjects which will prepare them for a mid level job in business. In a Realschule it's possible (if a student receives high enough grades) to transfer to a Gymnasium.
The gymnasium is one of the tracks a student could go to after primary school. This school prepares students to enter a university. The gymnasium goes for eight years or from the 5th through 13th grades. Here students learn subjects like German, math, physics, chemistry, geography, biology, art, PE, religion and history. They are also required to learn two foreign languages. (One has to be English) In the 13th grade students prepare for the Abitur. This is an examination that you have to pass in order to go on to a university
A Gesamtschule (comprehensive school) is a school that combines the Gymnasium, the Realschule, and the Hauptschile. This type of school was first introduced in Germany in the 60's and has been controversial ever since. (Scholars have debated whether students can learn better in this type of environment.) A student at a comprehensive school can switch between the different tracks without changing buildings.
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