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work2.gif (529 bytes)








Legend

W

= work

F

= force

d

= distance

KE

= kinetic energy

PE

= potential energy

v

= velocity

a

= acceleration

機械能

當動能和引力勢能守恆不變時便叫機械能 (mechanical energy)於是:

Wnet = E = Ef - Ei

所以,

Ef = Ei + Wnet

 

在守恆力下,機械能 (mechanical energy) 是恆常或守恆的
於是, Ef = Ei , 而機械能便保留住•  假設 g 是不變的:

 
Wnet = PEg + KE
成為, Wnet = (1/2 mvf2 - 1/2 mvi2) + (mghf - mghi)


當唯一的外作力是地吸引力, Wnet = 0 所以:

1/2 mvf2 - 1/2 mvi2 = mghf - mghi

在每一瞬間,所有的機械能是不變的•當動能增加時,引力勢能便減少•而相反也是一樣•

pendulum.gif (46219 bytes) 此鐘擺一起一落動能和引力勢能不停增加減少

機械能 (mechanical energy) 恆常實驗

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