Mars




   Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.  It is a planet of extreams.  It has three volcanoes, called the Tharsis Montes, that are twice as broad and over twice as high as the volcanic island of Hawaii, when the island is measured from the sea floor, however the mountain that is the biggest on Mars is Olympus Mons.  East of the Tharsis Montes, layes a gient network of canyons that streach over 5,000 km east to west. That is longer than the United States!   Mars gets its red color from a rustlike coating in the serface soil that get blowen arown by the strong winds.  These dust storms can reach up to 50 kilometers high, while most water ice clouds are 10 to 25 kilometers high.  Serface air pressure on Mars is about 1/150th of earth's.  Mars's atmosphere is mostly made of carbin dioxide.

Mars Statistics
 Mass (kg)6.421e+23 
 Mass (Earth = 1)1.0745e-01 
 Equatorial radius (km)3,397.2 
 Equatorial radius (Earth = 1)5.3264e-01 
 Mean density (gm/cm^3)3.94 
 Mean distance from the Sun (km)227,940,000 
 Mean distance from the Sun (Earth = 1)1.5237 
 Rotational period (hours)24.6229 
 Rotational period (days)1.025957 
 Orbital period (days)686.98 
 Mean orbital velocity (km/sec)24.13 
 Orbital eccentricity0.0934 
 Tilt of axis (degrees)25.19 
 Orbital inclination (degrees)1.850 
 Equatorial surface gravity (m/sec^2)3.72 
 Equatorial escape velocity (km/sec)5.02 
 Visual geometric albedo0.15 
 Magnitude (Vo)-2.01 
 Minimum surface temperature-140°C 
 Mean surface temperature-63°C 
 Maximum surface temperature20°C 
 Atmospheric pressure (bars)0.007 
 Atmospheric composition
Carbon Dioxide (C02)
Nitrogen (N2)
Argon (Ar)
Oxygen (O2)
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Water (H2O)
Neon (Ne)
Krypton (Kr)
Xenon (Xe)
Ozone (O3)

95.32% 
2.7% 
1.6% 
0.13% 
0.07% 
0.03% 
0.00025% 
0.00003% 
0.000008% 
0.000003% 



Sun    Mercury    Venus    Earth    Mars    Jupiter    Saturn    Uranus   Neptune    Pluto