Knowledgeis the ability to make true statements and
defend them as true.
Sciencemeans "knowledge." It comes from the Latin
word scire, which means "to know."
Philosophyis the love of wisdom, from the Greek word
philein, which means to love, and sophia, which means
wisdom.
Philosophy classically contains four branches:
Ontology(also called metaphysics) is the study of
being or what it means for something to be. For Aristotle,
metaphysics was concerned with substance, because substance is
what it is. Everything else is an attribute. Meta is from the
Greek preposition for "according to" and physis for "nature."
Epistemologyincludes questions of what knowledge is and
how we come to know, and the relation between knowledge and
certainty.
Axiologyis the study of value systems. It comes from
the Greek word axios, which means "worthy" and logike, which
means "study or logic." Theories of value include systems which
deal with ethics, economics (value measured in monetary terms),
mores (moral structure), aesthetics (theory of the desirable
model), and what makes up popularity (peer pressure theories,
etc.).
Logicis the study of inference or correct
reasoning. Inferring is a process of reaching a valid
conclusion. Aristotle developed the syllogism form of reasons,
which consists of premises and conclusions where one reason
from the general to the particular.
What is the difference between science and philosophy?
Science deals with primarily:
Epistemology and
Logic
Caveatis a notice that things are changing. In recent
years science has been extending into the area of ontology
through what is known as CREATION SCIENCE.
Creation scientistsare Judeo-Christian scientists who are heavily involved
in proving the existence of God (ontology) through archeology
(through studying the fossil records). Their premise is that the
Bible is truth because it is revelation of the ontology of God.
Typically the reason for excluding ontology from science is that
science deals with what can be measured and analyzed. Because God
is invisible, science cannot include ontology. However, creation
scientists must include ontology because if the Bible cannot be
disproved, and in fact is proved true through examining
syllogisms involving physical objects which can be examined and
tested, God's ontology is established in the
process.
