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The trilogy begins with a prophecy
to Laius, King of Thebes, that his son will slay
Laius and marry the Queen. Later the Queen has a son
who is left on a mountain to die, but the baby is
taken in by shepherds and given to the King of
Corinth, who raises him as his own. When Oedipus is
grown, he hears of the prophecy to Laius, and upon
fleeing from what he thinks is his father’s
house, he unwillingly kills Laius. When he arrives in
Thebes he answers the riddle of the Sphinx and is
made King of Thebes by the people, who are grateful
for his help. He then marries the Queen Jocasta, his
mother.
When another plague falls on the city
the oracle tells Oedipus to rid himself of blood
guiltiness. Oedipus is blind to the fact that it is
his crime and searches for the criminal. When Oedipus
realizes the truth, he blinds himself with the brooch
of his late wife and mother, who committed suicide
when she discovered the crime.
In the second part of the trilogy,
Oedipus is hoping to find a final resting place and
is led by his daughter, Antigone, to Colonus. The
people, however, have heard of him and ask him to
leave. Oedipus refuses and when he pleads with the
King Theseaus, he is allowed to stay. While there, he
is met by one of his unnatural sons, whom he
denounces, and then leaves them all so he can die
alone except for the presence of King Theseus.
The last part of the trilogy is set in
Thebes, where Creon is now ruling. Antigone has
defied the King by burying her unnatural brother, and
so she is locked away in a rock tomb. Haemon,
Creon’s son and Antigone’s fiance, pleads
for her life, but Creon repents too late and finds
them both dead in the tomb, then he finds his wife
dead over the death of her son.
Oedipus is unable to resist his fate,
yet he has flaws such as rashness, arrogance, and a
short temper, which make him partially responsible
for it. The plot is the killing of his father and the
the marriage of his mother, but aside from that,
there is the violation of many cultural taboos:
patricide, incest, regicide, and infanticide. This is
all the result of Oedipus’ conflict with his
fate and the gods (God). It raises an eternal
question: If the gods (God) know the future, is there
such a thing as free will? The conflicts between
characters in each play lead them to their fates,
through revenge, incest, justice vs. vengeance, and a
divine mission.
The Oedipus trilogy by Sophocles
consists of three plays: Oedipus the King,
Oedipus at Colonus, and Antigone. The
trilogy is one of Greek tragedy. It possesses themes
common in Greek literature, such as the powerful gods
(God) having an interest in everyday affairs. These
plays, and Greek plays in general, use symbolism and
dramatic irony as an integral part.
The trilogy contains a vast amount of
symbolism, and there are some main points that run
throughout the whole story. The three most important
symbols are the use of a double-hilted sword, the
blindness of Oedipus, and the ironic reference to
Antigone’s tomb as her "wedding chamber." The
symbolism in Antigone is the idea of womb to
tomb, as the trilogy is a story of her life from
beginning to end. Antigone is born in the first part,
and tragically dies in the last. In this way, the
trilogy is the story of Antigone and her short
life.
The trilogy contains many essential
elements to a memorable play. There are things such
as a complex plot, suspense, irony, and symbolism.
Because of these devices, the reader is able to delve
more deeply into the plot and enjoy it more.
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