Lowell's Mars

 If Percival Lowell, (an astronomer in the late 1800's) were alive today I wonder if his logic would have changed? The logic of his time stated that: "Mars is smaller than Earth ...therefore... lower gravity ...therefore... thinner atmosphere ...therefore... lower atmospheric pressure ...therefore... water leaks away into space...therefore... water on Mars is precious and canals are needed to move water to key regions. Martians are forced to move water from the poles to the arable regions at lower latitudes." In Lowell's imagination the dark green areas on Mars were vegetation. These dark regions showed distinct seasonal changes. In addition, Lowell believed that there was very little surface relief and no significant mountain ranges to obstruct the building of straight canals. The lack of water would have caused life to move out of the oceans much earlier on Mars than Earth. Therefore, Martians were more highly evolved than Earthlings. They would have to be smarter to cope with their global ecological catastrophe. They were peaceful and contemplative, without the complications and wars that Earth people often inflicted on themselves. Martians might be three times the height of Earthlings, 27 times as efficient, 81 times stronger. Canals were too small to be seen directly; instead the irrigated, vegetated bands along the canals were being viewed,which allowed their direct detection. There were 437 canals, most very straight, some as long as 1,500 kilometers, very uniform in width (~50 kilometers), some double, that have been mapped by Lowell. There were locations, all in dark areas, where as many as seven canals converged. Lowell believed pumping stations (with 6' diameter pipes...) were located at "oases" at canal intersections.

Percival Lowell, Yerkes Observatory