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Learn about the musical structures that bind together a great symphony with our easy-to-understand guides.

Other Important Forms

Ternary Form

Ternary Form

The movement begins with the First Section, followed by the Second Section. Then the First Section returns (sometimes in a modified guise).

A few examples of Ternary Form movements:

Schumann: Symphony No. 3 in E flat - 3rd movement
Brahms: Symphony No. 3 in F - 3rd movement

Rondo Form

Rondo Form

Rondo Form is so-called because one or two sections keep on coming 'round' again and again. As you can see in the above diagram, the First Section alternates with the Second and Third sections.

A few examples of Rondo Form movements:

Beethoven: Symphony No. 3 in E flat - 2nd movement
Brahms: Symphony No. 3 in F - 4th movement


Variations Form

Variations Form

A Variations movement consists of a Theme, usually made up of four or eight-bar phrases, and several Variations, in which the Theme is elaborated, developed, and transformed (within the Theme's harmonic and melodic framework). Usually, a variations movement ends with a Coda, which is not confined to the harmonic framework of the Theme.

An example of a Variations movement:

Brahms: Symphony No. F in E minor - 4th movement