It were Forence(city of flower) called Firenze and Venezia that we have to look hard at. These two places were the centers of the art and trade world. The intellectuals and artists had more experience of contacting new cultures than any other cities in Europe then. Research about the Ancient Culture made it possible to cultivate a lot of intellectuals who were good at sculpture and painting. Finally, they changed into professional artists. It had good reason to say that the Renaissant color sensation which had been developed in Florence and Venezia influenced on the Benetton Color.

                     
( Dome of Florence Cathedral )
Filippo Brunelleschi 1420~36.
  Brunelleschi Flippo, famous architect in early Renaissance Age, found scholars, today, say that painters should have mathematical basic concepts and geometric knowledge to express perspective. Interest about human body brought the accumulation of anatomi-
cal knowledge. Education about humanism gave the themes of paintings and it had a great role of promoting their social standings. So they got a great name as a master.

                     

                       ( Faith )                  ( Holy Trinity with the ,
              Giotto di Bondone                 St John and donors )
                        c. 1305                            Masaccio c. 1427

  We can see the spirit of Renaissance in Florentine painter Giotto de Bondone(c.1267~1337) and Masaccio. And others, Angelico Fra, Uccello Paolo and Botticello Sandro, occupied important positions in the Renaissance Age.

  Rome was in the golden age of Renaissance. Rome developed new beauty which expressed new molding theory, and elegance.

                     

                 ( Mona Lisa )                         ( Vitruvian Man )
       Leonardo da Vinci c. 1502           Leonardo da Vinci c. 1487

  There was well-known painters in those times such as Leonardo da Vinci, Raphaello Santi and Michelangelo Buonarroti. These painters were recognized as precious ones and they pursued the dignity of man. Michelangelo's 'The creation of Adam' shows extremely talented ability in the late Renaissant Age. Figure paintings were introduced in those times.

               

    ( Madonna del Granduca )             ( The Alba Madonna )
            Raphael c. 1505                           Raphael c. 1510

  Holy pictures, and self-portraits Statues of semi-lateral-surface spreaded over the times. A skill of semi-lateral-surface was popular with the painters mentioned above. This skill helped the painters express - objects' personalities and spirits much better than ever.

(The creation of Adam) Michelangelo.
part of sistine ceiling painting c. 1508~12

  Churches extened its' buildings to stop the fall of its' dignities. Just then Michelangelo had hardly finished his great work on the Sistine Ceiling in 1512. After 5 years, the Reformation occurred in Europe. Painting in Reformation didn't expressed quest for the new world but dignity and stoicism of the churches. For this reason, the Last Judge which had a lot of nude statues had been painted again.

( Sistine Chapel Vatican )
Michelangelo c. 1508~12

( Part of Sistine Chapel ceiling )
Michelangelo

Italian Renaissance

 (1) Features - Realistic arts which affirmed the actual beauty of
                      men's and nature's were begun. New ways of
                      thinking developed between merchants and indu-
                      strialists in Firenze.
 (2) Architectures - Renaissant style.
     ¨ç Florence Cathedral dome - Brunelleschi, Filippo.
     ¨è St. Pietro in Montorio, Rom - Bramante, Donato
                                                         and Michelangelo.
 (3) Sculptures
     ¨ç Donatello - [Gattamelata], [St George].
     ¨è Michelangelo - [David], [Mose], [The dying slave].
 (4) Paintings
     ¨ç Italy
       ¨Í Giotto di Bondone - a herald a Renaissaint painting.
       ¨Î Masaccio - [The Expulsion]
       ¨Ï Angelico, Fra - [The Annunciation]
       ¨Ð Botticelli, sandro - [The birth of Venus] represents the
                                            spirit of Renaissance which pursues
                                            actual beauty through the ancient
                                            myth.
       ¨Ñ Leonardo da Vinci - [The Last Supper] : master of Linear
                                             Perspective.
       ¨Ò Michelangelo Buonarroti - sculpturesque and powerful
                                                      human bodies were made.
                                                     [The Creation], [The Last
                                                      Judge]. They were elegant and
                                                      mild.
       ¨Ó Raphael - many Madonnas, elegance and mildness.
            * Firenze school: Sketching is emphasized.
               Venezia school : Color is emphasized.
             ( Titian, Giorgione, Tintoretto, Gio vanni Bellini )