Conifers are trees that have remained almost unchanged in appearance for millions of years. Today, species include firs, pines, and spruces. Because of the dry conditions of the Permian period, little is known about the kinds of conifers that lived during this time. It is known, though, that they were, for the first time, plentiful.

A scene of conifers in winter.

Paleozoic Era: Permian Period: Botanist's List