
Nearly everyone knows that DNA Fingerprinting can be used to prove a person's connection to a crime. Few realize the other applications of DNA fingerprinting.
Establishing Innocence
DNA Fingerprinting can help to
speed along court cases by eliminating suspects. Between 1989 and
1996, the FBI used genetic testing in about 10,000 sexual assault cases;
in 2,000 of those cases, the prime suspect was discovered to have not committed
the crime. Without genetic testing, it can be assumed that some of
these men would have been convicted. In fact, many prison inmates
have appealed their conviction after spending years in jail, and have been
discovered to be innocent.
Identification
As a result of the unidentified
remains of American soldiers that have been found abroad, the U.S.
military has been compiling data from mitochondrial
DNA to help identify the soldiers. Mitochondrial DNA is
passed on by the mother only, and as a result, remains mostly identical
within families. By testing DNA from the bones of the remains of
soldiers against the military's database, scientists have identified 500
soldiers so far, and another 250 more are under study.