About the mid-200s BC the Parisii, a tribe of Celtic peoples fortified the Île de la Cité. In 52 BC they abandoned the site to the Romans, who extended the town to the left bank of the Seine. It became known as Civitas Parisiorum, or Paris. Invading Germanic tribes ended Rome's control of Paris, and in AD 508 the city welcomed the rule of Franks king Clovis I. After the Viking raids of the 800s the Capetian kings made Paris their capital. During the turmoil of the Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) with England, the Parisians repeatedly rebelled against royal authority, and the English controlled the city from 1422 to 1439. Peace and prosperity were restored in the second half of the 1400s. Thousands of Huguenots (French Protestants) were killed in the city during the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre of 1572 during religious strife between Roman Catholics and Protestants. Not until 1594, when the new Bourbon king, Henry IV, entered Paris, did peace return. The Bourbon kings imposed classical architecture and absolutist rule on Paris. When the French Revolution broke out in 1789, the people of Paris led the way in overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the first French Republic. During the revolution and under Napoleon I the domination of Paris over the rest of the country increased. Starting in 1852 Emperor Napoleon III radically transformed Paris. New parks graced the western and eastern edges of the city, and wide new boulevards afforded access to central Paris. The Franco-Prussian War (1870-1871) and the revolt which established the 1871 Commune of Paris interrupted this rebuilding of the city. The Prussians inflicted minor damage, but the Communards burned much of central Paris; 20,000 Parisians died defending the city against the troops of the Third Republic. World War I (1914-1918) marked the beginning of a period of urban decay for Paris. A burgeoning population depleted city services. After World War II (1939-1945) the Fourth and Fifth republics failed to check Parisian growth or to provide enough housing, despite massive developments around the periphery of the city and in the suburbs. In the beginning of the 14th century Paris counted about 80.000 inhabitants. At the end of the 16th century there were about 200.000 people living in Paris. In the beginning of the 19th century 600.000 persons were administrated. Paris grew from 400 hectares to a space of 3300 hectares