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| The Delta-works:
this is the name of the project of building dams and dikes since 1953 in Zeeland,
Zuid-Holland and Noord-Brabant. It is given this name because the Schelde-delta is
involved. But what is a delta? |
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A delta is the area
near and at the mouth of a river. Mostly this area is enclosed by small braches of this
river. The soil is made of small particles of clay, sand and pebbles. Deltas are
found all over the world but especially on places where there is not a strong flow in the
river and there in no strong current parallel to the coast. Sometimes a delta isnt a
delta at all. Some "deltas" are made by the sea and not by a river. They lay in
the mouth of the river but are made by the sea. Mostly these are also called deltas
because they look very much like them. |
| Rijn Maas
and Schelde "The Netherlands is the delta of the rivers Rijn, Maas and
Schelde" thats what everybody says about the Netherlands. They are right when
they say that we live in the mouth of those rivers, but we dont live in a delta. The
Netherlands were made by sand and mud that was placed on the shores by the sea, and of
course by human hands. Every time when the sea made the land a little bit higher, the
Dutch people placed a dike around it. In that way they created the landscape we have till
today. Little polders and dikes around it. |
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| The
Netherlands and also Zeeland are not real Deltas. Probably this is related to the history.
Zeeland and pieces of Brabant and Zuid-Holland had so many little islands and small rivers
that it almost looked like a delta. |
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Amazone De
Amazone is the longest river of South-America. 6400 km long. He begins in the Mountains of
the Andes and flows trough Brazil towards the Atlantic Ocean. In its mouth is a real delta
thats 200 km width. The delta of the Amazone is capricious. It consists of small
Islands and swamps. |
| Ganges en
Brahmaputra Bangladesh is the delta of the two great rivers Ganges en
Brahmaputra. Originally the rivers had their own delta. Because of mud and sand the both
rivers take with them on the way to the sea they got more width and eventually flooded
into each other. At the moment the both rivers are going in South-East direction. At the
map you can see that in the west of the main river now there are the remains of the old
path of the river Ganges. Today the delta is made of small rivers and low laying swamps.
Almost every year there floods in Bangladesh. This can happen because the rivers not very
deep so the water is spread out over a width path. Because to little dikes are made
complete |
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| islands
are washed away, and the people who lived on them drowned. |
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Nile The
delta of the river the Nile in Egypt begins briefly after it has passed Cairo. A long time
ago the Niles delta consisted of 7 main rivers. Today there are only two left. The others
end in sandbariers made at the cost by sand from the river.
"--Egypt consisted almost
completely of desert, but half of its population has a job in the agriculture. In
the rainy season the Nile is so big that it goes beyond its borders. After the
raining season, when the water goes back to its normal level, the river leaves a
little layer of mud. On that mud the Egypt people can farm for more than one year. The
water for the farms comes out a intelligent dams and irrigation system.--"
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| Mississippi The
Mississippi is the longest river of North-America. With its 3780km length and a
height from 500 meters to zero it runs very slow. In that way it was possible to sail up
the river. Because it lacks speed the mouth of the river is has very very much edged. The
delta of the Mississppi by five arm that flow all in the Gulf of Mexico. The
Mississippi places about 340.000 m3 of mud and sand at the end of the river. In that way
the delta makes itself a way further into the sea. Yearly the delta makes about 90 meters
new ground in the sea. |
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Other important
deltas around the world are:
In Europe, the Donau, the Rhone en the Wolga;
In Asia the Indus, Mekong en the Jangtsekiang;
In Africa the Niger;
In South America the Orinoco. |
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