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<IMG SRC="../../media/birds/great_indian_hornbill.jpg" ALT="Great Indian Hornbill" WIDTH="230" HEIGHT="164" BORDER="0" ALIGN="left" HSPACE="8">
<FONT FACE="verdana,arial,helvetica" SIZE="6"><B>Great Indian Hornbill</B></FONT>
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<FONT FACE="verdana,arial,helvetica" SIZE="2"><I>Buceros bicornis</I></FONT>
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The Great (Indian) Hornbills, one of the largest hornbills, are most commonly found in southeastern Asia. Their homes range from western India, through Indochina, south of Malaya and through Sumatra. These hornbills are found on sea level up to 5000 feet (1524m) above ground.
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Great Hornbills can grow to a length of 4.5 feet (1.4m). The body is covered with black feathers. The wing tips have a ban of white feathers. The tail, sometimes reaching up to 3 feet (7.6cm), is white with bans of black feathers across. The neck of this bird is surrounded with circle of fur. The bill is yellow and curved downward. One distinct mark of the hornbills is their <A HREF="../glossary.html#casque" TARGET="eslist">casque</A>. The casque of the Great Hornbill is solid ivory. They usually have short legs, but have broad feet.
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This particular species of hornbill is chiefly fruit-eaters. Great Indian Hornbills like to eat various types of berries. Hornbills swallow most of their food whole instead of breaking it down first. After they consume the food, they'll <A HREF="../glossary.html#regurgitate" TARGET="eslist">regurgitate</A> what they cannot digest such as bones, and pits.
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The males and females are mated for life. The usual <A HREF="../glossary.html#clutch" TARGET="eslist">clutch</A> size is about 2-4 white round eggs. Th <A HREF="../glossary.html#incubation" TARGET="eslist">incubation</A> period is about 28 to 40 days. It takes for another 4-8 week for the youngsters to mature. The mothers, during this maturation period, remain with their offspring. The males take care of the females when they are incubating, and the offspring when they are young. The males would eat the food, regurgitate it and give it to the young hornbills.
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Now these wonderful and beautiful hornbills are becoming rare. They are near the verge of <A HREF="../glossary.html#extinct" TARGET="eslist">extinction</A>. The main causes of their <A HREF="../glossary.html#endangered" TARGET="eslist">endangerment</A> are people hunting them for their meat and destroying their natural <A HREF="../glossary.html#habitat" TARGET="eslist">habitat</A>.
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<IMG SRC="../../media/maps/great_indian_hornbill.gif" ALT="Map of Where Great Indian Hornbills Are Located" WIDTH="320" HEIGHT="183" HSPACE="6" VSPACE="2" BORDER="0" ALIGN="right">
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<U>Bibliography</U>
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<LI>Austin, Oliver L. Jr. <U>Birds of the World.</U> New York: Golden Press, 1961.</LI>
<LI>Info from Wildlife Conservation Society</LI>
<LI>Reid, Struan. <U>Bird World.</U> London: Hamlyn Children's Books, 1991.</LI>
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[<A HREF="../esframe.html#es" TARGET="_top">Endangered Species List</A>] [ <A HREF="../slide/hornbill_slide.html" TARGET="_top">Back to slide show</A> ]
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© 1998 Team 19689 - World Endangered Species
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