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Advertisements
have existed since the dawn of commerce. Archaeologists have even
found signs in the ancient city of Pompeii, suggesting travellers
visit a tavern located in a nearby town. In medieval times town
criers announced notices to the public, similar to how announcers
deliver commercials on the radio and television today. In the Sixteenth
century, graphical insignias, or trademarks , became common, such
as the striped pole of a barber's shop.
In an effort
to increase wide-spread promotion in modern times, businesses increasingly
turned to emerging mass-distribution channels of media, such as
printed publications like newspapers and magazines, and radio and
television broadcasts. Today, advertising is a financial necessity
for most publications and telecommunications networks. Newspapers
wouldn't be able to sell for pennies a copy without extensive ad
space, and without commercials broadcasting a national television
network would be impossible. While many consumers find these commercials
a nuisance, most understand why they exist.
The highly
commercialized United States spends more money than any other nation
on advertising: over $120 million annually. Of this revenue, over
one quarter is spent on newspaper ads, with television commercials
slightly behind. The third largest advertising market is direct
advertising, where the product is promoted without an indirect medium
such as newspapers. Radio and magazine advertising trail far behind
the three primary forms. 45000 BCE to 1605 CE | 1621 to 1807 | 1814 to 1838 | 1839 to 1858 | 1860 to 1877 | 1878 to 1891 | 1893 to 1920 | 1920 to 1937 | 1930 to 1965 | 1965 to 1996
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