Europe
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Albania
Chief of State: President of the Republic Rexhep
MEJDANI
Head of Government: Prime Minister of the
Council of Ministers Fatos NANO
Type of Government: Emerging Democracy
Capital: Tirane
Total Area: 28,750 sq km
Population: 3,249,136 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other
2% (Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians) (1989 est.) note: in 1989, other estimates of
the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian
statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization)
Religions: Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%,
Roman Catholic 10% note:
all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious
observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing
private religious practice
Languages: Albanian (Tosk is the official
dialect), Greek
GDP: purchasing power parity - $4.1 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 6% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $1,210 (1995 est.)
Andorra
Chiefs of state: French Coprince Jacques CHIRAC
and Spanish Episcopal Coprince Monseigneur Juan Marti ALANIS
Head of Government: Executive Council President
Marc Forne MOLNE
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
(since March 1993) that retains as its heads of state a
coprincipality; the two princes are the president of France and
Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by
officials called veguers
Capital: Andorra la Vella
Total Area: 450 sq km
Population: 72,766 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%,
French 6%, other 3%
Religions: Roman Catholic (predominant)
Languages: Catalan (official), French, Castilian
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1 billion (1993
est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: N/A
GDP per capita: $16,200 (1993 est.)
Austria
Chief of State: President Thomas KLESTIL
Head of Government: Chancellor Viktor KLIMA
Type of Government: Federal Republic
Capital: Vienna
Total Area: 83,850 sq km
Population: 8,023,244 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: German 99.4%, Croatian 0.3%,
Slovene 0.2%, other 0.1%
Religions: Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 6%,
other 9%
Languages: German
GDP: purchasing power parity - $152 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $19,000 (1995 est.)
Belarus
Chief of State: President Aleksandr
LUKASHENKO
Head of Government: Prime Minister Sergey LING
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Minsk
Total Area: 207,600 sq km
Population: 10,415,973 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Byelorussian 77.9%, Russian
13.2%, Polish 4.1%, Ukrainian 2.9%, other 1.9%
Religions: Eastern Orthodox 60%, other
(including Roman Catholic and Muslim) 40% (early 1990's)
Languages: Byelorussian, Russian, other
GDP: purchasing power parity - $49.2 billion
(1995 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
GDP Real Growth Rate: -10% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $4,700 (1995 est.)
Belgium
Chief of State: King ALBERT II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Jean-Luc
DEHAENE
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Brussels
Total Area: 30,510 sq km
Population: 10,170,241 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Fleming 55%, Walloon 33%,
mixed or other 12%
Religions: Roman Catholic 75%, Protestant or
other 25%
Languages: Dutch 56%, French 32%, German 1%,
legally bilingual 11% (divided along ethnic lines)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $197 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.3% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $19,500 (1995 est.)
Bosnia and
Herzogovina
Chiefs of State: President Alija IZETBEGOVIC
(Muslim), Momcilo KRAJISNIK (Serb), Kresimir ZUBAK (Croat),
Ejup GANIC, Biljana PLAVSIC
Heads of Government: Prime Ministers Edhem
BICAKCIC and Milorad DODIK
Type of Government: Emerging Democracy
Capital: Sarajevo
Total Area: 51,233 sq km
Population: 2,656,240 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Serb 40%, Muslim 38%, Croat
22% (est.)
Religions: Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Catholic
15%, Protestant 4%, other 10%
Languages: Serbo-Croatian 99%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1 billion (1995
est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: NA%
GDP per capita: $300 (1995 est.)
Bulgaria
Chief of State: President Petar STOYANOV
Head of Government: Prime Minister Ivan KOSTOV
Type of Government: Emerging Democracy
Capital: Sofia
Total Area: 110,910 sq km
Population: 8,612,757 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Bulgarian 85.3%, Turk 8.5%,
Gypsy 2.6%, Macedonian 2.5%, Armenian 0.3%, Russian 0.2%, other
0.6%
Religions: Bulgarian Orthodox 85%, Muslim 13%,
Jewish 0.8%, Roman Catholic 0.5%, Uniate Catholic 0.2%,
Protestant, Gregorian-Armenian, and other 0.5%
Languages: Bulgarian, secondary languages
closely correspond to ethnic breakdown
GDP: purchasing power parity - $43.2 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $4,920 (1995 est.)
Croatia
Chief of State: President Franjo TUDJMAN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Zlatko MATESA
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Capital: Zagreb
Total Area: 56,538 sq km
Population: 5,004,112 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Croat 78%, Serb 12%, Muslim
0.9%, Hungarian 0.5%, Slovenian 0.5%, others 8.1% (1991)
Religions: Catholic 76.5%, Orthodox 11.1%,
Slavic Muslim 1.2%,
Protestant 0.4%, others and unknown 10.8%
Languages: Serbo-Croatian 96%, other 4%
(including Italian, Hungarian, Czechoslovak, and German)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $20.1 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 1.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $4,300 (1995 est.)
Czech Republic
Chief of State: President Vaclav HAVEL
Head of Government: Prime Minister Josef TOSOVSKY
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Capital: Prague
Total Area: 78,703 sq km
Population: 10,321,120 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Czech 94.4%, Slovak 3%, Polish 0.6%,
German 0.5%, Gypsy 0.3%, Hungarian 0.2%, other 1%
Religions: atheist 39.8%, Roman Catholic 39.2%,
Protestant 4.6%, Orthodox 3%, other 13.4%
Languages: Czech, Slovak
GDP: purchasing power parity - $106.2 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $10,200 (1995 est.)
Denmark
Chief of State: Queen Margrethe II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Poul Nyrup
RASMUSSEN
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Copenhagen
Total Area: 43,070 sq km
Population: 5,249,632 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Scandinavian, Eskimo, Faroese,
German
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 91%, other
Protestant and Roman Catholic 2%, other 7% (1988)
Languages: Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an
Eskimo dialect), German (small minority)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $112.8 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 3.1% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $21,700 (1995 est.)
Estonia
Chief of State: President Lennart Meir
Head of Government: Acting Prime Minister
Mart SIIMANN
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Tallinn
Total Area: 45,100 sq km
Population: 1,459,428 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Estonian 61.5%, Russian 30.3%,
Ukrainian 3.2%, Byelorussian 1.8%, Finn 1.1%, other 2.1% (1989)
Religions: Lutheran, Orthodox Christian
Languages: Estonian (official), Latvian,
Lithuanian, Russian, other
GDP: purchasing power parity - $12.3 billion
(1995 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 6% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $7,600 (1995 est.)
Finland
Chief of State: President Martti Ahtisaari
Head of Government: Prime Minister Paavo
Lipponen
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Helsinki
Total Area: 337,030 sq km
Population: 5,105,230 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Finn, Swede, Lapp, Gypsy,
Tatar
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 89%, Greek
Orthodox 1%, none 9%, other 1%
Languages: Finnish 93.5% (official), Swedish
6.3% (official), small Lapp- and Russian-speaking minorities
GDP: purchasing power parity - $92.4 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $18,200 (1995 est.)
France
Chief of State: President Jacques CHIRAC
Head of Government: Prime Minister Lionel JOSPIN
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Paris
Total Area: 547,030 sq km
Population: 58,317,450 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Celtic and Latin with
Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities
Religions: Roman Catholic 90%, Protestant 2%,
Jewish 1%, Muslim (North African workers) 1%, unaffiliated 6%
Languages: French 100%, rapidly declining
regional dialects and languages (Provencal, Breton, Alsatian,
Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.173 trillion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $20,200 (1995 est.)
Germany
Chief of State: President Roman HERZOG
Head of Government: Chancellor Dr. Helmut KOHL
Type of Government: Federal Republic
Capital: Berlin
Total Area: 356,910 sq km
Population: 83,536,115 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: German 95.1%, Turkish 2.3%,
Italians 0.7%, Greeks 0.4%, Poles 0.4%, other 1.1% (made up
largely of people fleeing the war in the former Yugoslavia)
Religions: Protestant 45%, Roman Catholic 37%,
unaffiliated or other 18%
Languages: German
GDP: Germany: purchasing power parity - $1.4522
trillion (1995 est.) Western: purchasing power parity - $1.3318
trillion (1995 est.) Eastern: purchasing power parity - $120.4
billion (1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: Germany: 1.8% (1995 est.)
Western: 1.5% (1995 est.) Eastern: 6.3% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: Germany: $17,900 (1995 est.)
Western: $21,100 (1995 est.) Eastern: $6,600 (1995 est.)
Greece
Chief of State: President Konstandinos (Kostis)
STEPHANOPOULOS
Head of Government: Prime Minister Konstandinos
SIMITIS
Type of Government: Parliamentary Republic;
Monarchy rejected by referendum 8 December 1974
Capital: Athens
Total Area: 131,940 sq km
Population: 10,538,594 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Greek 98%, other 2% note: the Greek Government states
there are no ethnic divisions in Greece
Religions: Greek Orthodox 98%, Muslim 1.3%,
other 0.7%
Languages: Greek (official), English, French
GDP: purchasing power parity - $101.7 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 1.7% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $9,500 (1995 est.)
Holy See (Vatican City)
Chief of State: Pope John Paul II
Head of Government: Secretary of State
Archbishop Angelo Cardinal SODANO
Type of Government: Monarchical-Sacerdotal state
Capital: Vatican City
Total Area: 0.44 sq km
Population: 840 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Italians, Swiss
Religions: Roman Catholic
Languages: Italian, Latin, various other
languages
Hungary
Chief of State: President Arpad GONCZ
Head of Government: Prime Minister Gyula HORN
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Budapest
Total Area: 93,030 sq km
Population: 10,002,541 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Hungarian 89.9%, Gypsy 4%,
German 2.6%, Serb 2%, Slovak 0.8%, Romanian 0.7%
Religions: Roman Catholic 67.5%, Calvinist 20%,
Lutheran 5%, atheist and other 7.5%
Languages: Hungarian 98.2%, other 1.8%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $72.5 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 1.5% (1995)
GDP per capita: $7,000 (1995 est.)
Iceland
Chief of State: President Olafur GRIMSSON
Head of Government: Prime Minister David ODDSSON
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Reykjavik
Total Area: 103,000 sq km
Population: 270,292 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: homogeneous mixture of
descendants of Norwegians and Celts
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 96%, other
Protestant and Roman Catholic 3%, none 1% (1988)
Languages: Icelandic
GDP: purchasing power parity - $5 billion (1995
est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 3.2% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $18,800 (1995 est.)
Ireland
Chief of State: President Mary McALEESE
Head of Government: Prime Minister Bertie AHERN
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Dublin
Total Area: 70,280 sq km
Population: 3,566,833 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Celtic, English
Religions: Roman Catholic 93%, Anglican 3%, none
1%, unknown 2%, other 1% (1981)
Languages: Irish (Gaelic), spoken mainly in
areas located along the western seaboard, English is the language
generally used
GDP: purchasing power parity - $54.6 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 7% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $15,400 (1995 est.)
Italy
Chief of State: President Oscar Luigi SCALFARO
Head of Government: Prime Minister Romano PRODI
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Rome
Total Area: 301,230 sq km
Population: 57,460,274 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Italian (includes small
clusters of German-, French-, and Slovene-Italians in the north
and Albanian-Italians and Greek-Italians in the south),
Sicilians, Sardinians
Religions: Roman Catholic 98%, other 2%
Languages: Italian, German (parts of
Trentino-Alto Adige region are predominantly German speaking),
French (small French-speaking minority in Valle d'Aosta region),
Slovene (Slovene-speaking minority in the Trieste-Gorizia area)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.0886 trillion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 3.2% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $18,700 (1995 est.)
Latvia
Chief of State: President Guntis ULMANIS
Head of Government: Prime Minister Guntars
KRASTS
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Riga
Total Area: 64,100 sq km
Population: 2,468,982 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Latvian 51.8%, Russian 33.8%,
Byelorussian 4.5%, Ukrainian 3.4%, Polish 2.3%, other 4.2%
Religions: Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Russian
Orthodox
Languages: Lettish (official), Lithuanian,
Russian, other
GDP: purchasing power parity - $14.7 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: -1.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $5,300 (1995 estimate as
extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
Lichtenstein
Chief of State: Prince HANS ADAM II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Mario FRICK
Type of Government: Hereditary Constitutional
Monarchy
Capital: Vaduz
Total Area: 160 sq km
Population: 31,122 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Alemannic 95%, Italian and
other 5%
Religions: Roman Catholic 87.3%, Protestant
8.3%, unknown 1.6%, other 2.8% (1988)
Languages: German (official), Alemannic dialect
GDP: purchasing power parity - $630 million
(1990 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: NA%
GDP per capita: $22,300 (1990 est.)
Lithuania
Chief of State: President Valdas ADAMKUS
Head of Government: Premier Gediminas
VAGNORIOUS
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Vilnius
Total Area: 65,200 sq km
Population: 3,646,041 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Lithuanian 80.1%, Russian
8.6%, Polish 7.7%, Byelorussian 1.5%, other 2.1%
Religions: Roman Catholic, Lutheran, other
Languages: Lithuanian (official), Polish,
Russian
GDP: purchasing power parity - $13.3 billion
(1995 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 1% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $3,400 (1995 est.)
Luxembourg
Chief of State: Grand Duke JEAN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Jean-Claude
JUNCKER
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Luxembourg
Total Area: 2,586 sq km
Population: 415,870 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Celtic base (with French and
German blend), Portuguese, Italian, and European (guest and
worker residents)
Religions: Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant and
Jewish 3%
Languages: Luxembourgisch, German, French,
English
GDP: purchasing power parity - $10 billion (1995
est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.6% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $24,800 (1995 est.)
Macedonia
Chief of State: President Kiro GLIGOROV
Head of Government: Prime Minister Branko
CRVENKOVSKI
Type of Government: Emerging Democracy
Capital: Skopje
Total Area: 25,333 sq km
Population: 2,104,035 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Macedonian 65%, Albanian 22%,
Turkish 4%, Serb 2%, Gypsies 3%, other 4%
Religions: Eastern Orthodox 67%, Muslim 30%,
other 3%
Languages: Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish
3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3%
Malta
Chief of State: President Ugo MIFSUD BONNICI
Head of Government: Prime Minister Alfred SANT
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Capital: Valletta
Total Area: 320 sq km
Population: 375,576 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Arab, Sicilian, Norman,
Spanish, Italian, English
Religions: Roman Catholic 98%
Languages: Maltese (official), English
(official)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $4.4 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $12,000 (1995 est.)
Moldova
Chief of State: President Petru LUCINSCHI
Head of Government: Prime Minister Ion CIUBUC
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Chisinau
Total Area: 33,700 sq km
Population: 4,463,847 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Moldavian/Romanian 64.5%,
Ukrainian 13.8%, Russian 13%, Gagauz 3.5%, Jewish 1.5%, Bulgarian
2%, other 1.7% (1989 figures) note: internal disputes with ethnic
Russians and Ukrainians in the Dniester region and Gagauz Turks
in the south
Religions: Eastern Orthodox 98.5%, Jewish 1.5%,
Baptist (only about 1,000 members) (1991) note: the large
majority of churchgoers are ethnic Moldavian
Languages: Moldovan (official, virtually the
same as the Romanian
language), Russian, Gagauz (a Turkish dialect)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $10.4 billion
(1995 estimate extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
GDP Real Growth Rate: -3% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $2,310 (1995 est.)
Monaco
Chief of State: Prince RAINIER III
Head of Government: Minister of State Michel
LEVEQUE
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Monaco
Total Area: 1.9 sq km
Population: 31,719 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: French 47%, Monegasque 16%,
Italian 16%, other 21%
Religions: Roman Catholic 95%
Languages: French (official), English, Italian,
Monegasque
GDP: purchasing power parity - $788 million
(1994 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: N/A
GDP per capita: $25,000 (1994 est.)
Netherlands
Chief of State: Queen BEATRIX
Wilhelmina Armgard
Head of Government: Prime Minister Willem (Wim)
KOK
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Amsterdam; The Hague is the seat of
government
Total Area: 37,330 sq km
Population: 15,568,034 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Dutch 96%, Moroccans, Turks,
and other 4% (1988)
Religions: Roman Catholic 34%, Protestant 25%,
Muslim 3%, other 2%, unaffiliated 36% (1991)
Languages: Dutch
GDP: purchasing power parity - $301.9 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $19,500 (1995 est.)
Norway
Chief of State: King HARALD V
Head of Government: Prime Minister Kjell
Magne BONDEVIK
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Oslo
Total Area: 324,220 sq km
Population: 4,383,807 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Germanic (Nordic, Alpine,
Baltic), Lapps (Sami) 20,000
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 87.8% (state
church), other Protestant and Roman Catholic 3.8%, none 3.2%,
unknown 5.2% (1980)
Languages: Norwegian (official)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $106.2 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 4.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $24,500 (1995 est.)
Poland
Chief of State: President Aleksander
KWASNIEWSKI
Head of Government: Prime Minister Jerzy
BUZEK
Type of Government: Democratic State
Capital: Warsaw
Total Area: 312,683 sq km
Population: 38,642,565 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Polish 97.6%, German 1.3%,
Ukrainian 0.6%, Byelorussian 0.5% (1990 est.)
Religions: Roman Catholic 95% (about 75%
practicing), Eastern Orthodox, Protestant, and other 5%
Languages: Polish
GDP: purchasing power parity - $226.7 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 6.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $5,800 (1995 est.)
Portugal
Chief of State: President Jorge SAMPAIO
Head of Government: Prime Minister Antonio
Manuel de Oliviera GUTERRES
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Lisbon
Total Area: 92,080 sq km
Population: 9,865,114 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: homogeneous Mediterranean
stock in mainland, Azores, Madeira Islands; citizens of black
African descent who immigrated to mainland during decolonization
number less than 100,000
Religions: Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant
denominations 1%, other 2%
Languages: Portuguese
GDP: purchasing power parity - $116.2 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.8% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $11,000 (1995 est.)
Romania
Chief of State: President Emil
CONSTANTINESCU
Head of Government: Prime Minister Radu VASILE
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Bucharest
Total Area: 237,500 sq km
Population: 21,657,162 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Romanian 89.1%, Hungarian
8.9%, German 0.4%, Ukrainian, Serb, Croat, Russian, Turk, and
Gypsy 1.6%
Religions: Romanian Orthodox 70%, Roman Catholic
6% (of which 3% are Uniate), Protestant 6%, unaffiliated 18%
Languages: Romanian, Hungarian, German
GDP: purchasing power parity - $105.7 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 5.4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $4,600 (1995 est.)
San Marino
Co-chiefs of state: Captain Regent Loris FRANCINI
and Captain Regent Alberto CECCHETTI
Head of Government: Secretary of State for
Foreign and Political Affairs Gabriele GATTI
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: San Marino
Total Area: 60 sq km
Population: 24,521 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Sammarinese, Italian
Religions: Roman Catholic
Languages: Italian
GDP: purchasing power parity - $380 million
(1993 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.4% (1993 est.)
GDP per capita: $15,800 (1993 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro
Chief of State: Serbian President Slobodan
MILOSEVIC
Head of Government: Prime Minister Radoje
KONITC
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Belgrade
Total Area: 102,350 sq km
Total Population: 10,614,558 (July 1996 est.)
Montenegro: 635,442 (July 1996 est.) Serbia: 9,979,116 (July 1996
est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Serbs 63%, Albanians 14%,
Montenegrins 6%, Hungarians 4%, other 13%
Religions: Orthodox 65%, Muslim 19%, Roman
Catholic 4%, Protestant 1%, other 11%
Languages: Serbo-Croatian 95%, Albanian 5%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $20.6 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $2,000 (1995 est.)
Slovakia
Chief of State: President Michal KOVAC
Head of Government: Prime Minister Vladimir
MECIAR
Type of Government: Parliamentary Democracy
Capital: Bratislava
Total Area: 48,845 sq km
Population: 5,374,362 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Slovak 85.7%, Hungarian 10.7%,
Gypsy 1.5% (the 1992 census figures underreport the Gypsy/Romany
community, which could reach 500,000 or more), Czech 1%,
Ruthenian 0.3%, Ukrainian 0.3%, German 0.1%, Polish 0.1%, other
0.3%
Religions: Roman Catholic 60.3%, atheist 9.7%,
Protestant 8.4%, Orthodox 4.1%, other 17.5%
Languages: Slovak (official), Hungarian
GDP: purchasing power parity - $39 billion (1995
est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 6% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $7,200 (1995 est.)
Slovenia
Chief of State: President Milan KUCAN
Head of Government: Prime Minister Janez
DRNOVSEK
Type of Government: Emerging Democracy
Capital: Ljubljana
Total Area: 20,256 sq km
Population: 1,951,443 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Slovene 91%, Croat 3%, Serb
2%, Muslim 1%, other 3%
Religions: Roman Catholic 96% (including 2%
Uniate), Muslim 1%, other 3%
Languages: Slovenian 91%, Serbo-Croatian 7%,
other 2%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $22.6 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 4.8% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $11,000 (1995 est.)
Spain
Chief of State: King JUAN CARLOS I
Head of Government: Prime Minister Jose Maria
AZNAR
Type of Government: Parliamentary Monarchy
Capital: Madrid
Total Area: 504,750 sq km
Population: 39,181,114 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: composite of Mediterranean and
Nordic types
Religions: Roman Catholic 99%, other sects 1%
Languages: Castilian Spanish, Catalan 17%,
Galician 7%, Basque 2%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $565 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 3% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $14,300 (1995 est.)
Sweden
Chief of State: King CARL GUSTAF XVI
Head of Government: Prime Minister Goran
PERSSON
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: Stockholm
Total Area: 449,964 sq km
Population: 8,900,954 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: white, Lapp (Sami),
foreign-born or first-generation immigrants 12% (Finns,
Yugoslavs, Danes, Norwegians, Greeks, Turks)
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran 94%, Roman
Catholic 1.5%, Pentecostal 1%, other 3.5% (1987)
Languages: Swedish; note: small Lapp- and
Finnish-speaking minorities
GDP: purchasing power parity - $177.3 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 3.5% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $20,100 (1995 est.)
Switzerland
Chief of State and Head of Government:
President Flavio COTTI
Type of Government: Federal Republic
Capital: Bern
Total Area: 41,290 sq km
Population: 7,207,060 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: No Information
Total Population: German 65%, French 18%,
Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other 6% Swiss nationals: German 74%,
French 20%, Italian 4%, Romansch 1%, other 1%
Religions: Roman Catholic 47.6%, Protestant
44.3%, other 8.1% (1980)
Languages: German 65%, French 18%, Italian 12%,
Romansch 1%, other 4% note:
figures for Swiss nationals only: German 74%, French 20%, Italian
4%, Romansch 1%, other 1%
GDP: purchasing power parity - $158.5 billion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 1.2% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $22,400 (1995 est.)
Ukraine
Chief of State: President Leonid D. KUCHMA
Head of Government: Prime Minister Valeriy
PUSTOVOYTENKO
Type of Government: Republic
Capital: Kiev (Kyyiv)
Total Area: 603,700 sq km
Population: 50,864,009 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: Ukrainian 73%, Russian 22%,
Jewish 1%, other 4%
Religions: Ukrainian Orthodox - Moscow
Patriarchate, Ukrainian Orthodox - Kiev Patriarchate, Ukrainian
Autocephalous Orthodox, Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate), Protestant,
Jewish
Languages: Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian, Polish,
Hungarian
GDP: purchasing power parity - $174.6 billion
(1995 estimate as extrapolated from World Bank estimate for 1994)
GDP Real Growth Rate: -4% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $3,370 (1995 est.)
United Kingdom
Chief of State: Queen ELIZABETH II
Head of Government: Prime Minister Tony BLAIR
Type of Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Capital: London
Total Area: 244,820 sq km
Population: 58,489,975 (July 1996 est.)
Ethnic Divisions: English 81.5%, Scottish 9.6%,
Irish 2.4%, Welsh 1.9%, Ulster 1.8%, West Indian, Indian,
Pakistani, and other 2.8%
Religions: Anglican 27 million, Roman Catholic 9
million, Muslim 1 million, Presbyterian 800,000, Methodist
760,000, Sikh 400,000, Hindu 350,000, Jewish 300,000 (1991 est.) note: the UK does not include a
question on religion in its census
Languages: English, Welsh (about 26% of the
population of Wales), Scottish form of Gaelic (about 60,000 in
Scotland)
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.1384 trillion
(1995 est.)
GDP Real Growth Rate: 2.7% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $19,500 (1995 est.)
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