References and Credits

Books & On-line Material

• Bortz, Fred. Mind Tools: The Science of Artificial Intelligence. New York: 1992. (JM)

• De Landa, Manuel. War in the Age of Intelligent Machines. New York: 1991. (JM)

• Charniak Eugene, McDermott, Drew. Introduction to Artificial Intelligence. Addison Wesley: Canada, 1987. (SH)

• Crevier, Daniel. AI-The Tumultuous History of the Search for Artificial Intelligence. BasicBooks: New York, 1993. (EK)

• Franklin, Stan Artificial Minds. Massachusetts: Cambridge, 1995. (SH)

• Levy, Steven. Artificial Life: A Quest for a New Creation. New York: 1992.
• Milner, Wendy L. Common Lisp: A Tutorial. Englewood Cliffs: Hewlett-Packard Company (SH)

• Marvin Minsky's Homepage. A Collection of His Essays and Biography (online) (EK)

• Minsky, Marvin. The Society of the Mind. March, 1988. (SH)

• New Mexico State University. 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics On-Line Proceedings of the Conference. (Online) 1994, June 27-30.(SH)

• Reynolds, Craig. Craig Reynolds' Homepage (online) (JM).

• Schank, Roger C. The Cognitive Computer. New Jersey: 1984. (JM)

• Schank, Roger C. and Riesbeck, Christopher K. Inside Computer Understanding. Yale University Press: Hillsdale, NJ: 1981. (SH)

• Schank, Roger C., Colby, Kenneth Mark. Computer Models of Thought and Language. San Francisco: 1973. (JM)

• Tanimoto, Steven L. The Elements of Artificial Intelligence. Computer Science Press: Murrary HIll, New Jersey: 1982. (SH)

• Time Life Books. Artificial Intelligence. Alexandria: 1986. (JM)

• Time Life Books. Robotics. Alexandria: 1986. (JM)

• Watson, Mark. AI Agents in Virtual Reality Worlds. New York: 1996. (JM)

• Weizenbaum, Joseph. Computer Power and Human Reason. W. H. Freeman: San Francisco, 1976. (A Review by Amy Stout) (EK)

• Winston, Patrick. Artificial Intelligence. Addison Wesley: Massachusetts, 1984. (EK)

• Biles, John Al. Generation 5 Interview with Al Biles, August 1998. This interview concerned genetic algorithms and machine generated music. Be sure to see his GenJam (Genetic Jammer) program.

• Di Paolo, Ezequiel. Generation 5 Interview with Ezequiel Di Paolo, August 1998. Paolo discusses the relationships between artificial intelligence and artificial life.

• Levy, Steven. Generation 5 Interview with Steven Levy, August 1998. Steven Levy, a well known Alife author, discusses artificial life and his book Artificial Life: A Quest for New Creation.

• Reynolds, Craig. Generation 5 Interview with Craig Reynolds. The creator of boids, and one of the pioneers of Alife talks about artificial life, boids, and behavioural animation (used in Disney's TRON and Batman Returns.

• Schank, Roger.Generation 5 Interview with Roger Schank. Professor Roger Schank has contributed a lot to the study of natural language and Cognitive Science. He enlightened the field of natural language with conceptual dependency and scripts. He is the founder and director of The Institute for the Learning Sciences in Northwestern University.

• Woodcock, Steven. Generation 5 Interview with Steven Woodcock, August 1998. An interview on gaming AI. Steven's gaming AI site is at: http://www.cris.com/~swoodcoc/ai.html.

Photo Credits

• Asato, Jason
. For creating the "brain computer" (braincomp.jpg) and letting us use the picture of his computer (vision2.jpg) in the robotics essay. Please visit his homepage to see more of his artwork.
• Biles, Al
. Image of Al Biles (biles.jpg). Be sure to see our interview with Al Biles, and his GenJam program. (email: jab@it.rit.edu)
• Maher, Mike
. Image of neurochips with neurons (neurons1.jpg). Mike generously gave us permission to use this fascinating picture (email: maher@cco.caltech.edu). Not to mention, his research is just as interesting. Visit his research page on neurochips at http://www.caltech.edu/~pinelab/mike.html.
• Minsky, Marvin
. Image of Marvin Minsky (minsky.gif). Marvin Minsky, one of the most well known pioneers of AI not only gave us permission to use his picture (e-mail: minsky@media.mit.edu), but also was kind enough to allow us to interview him.
• Schank, Roger
. Image of Roger Schank. Roger Schank, creator of the theory behind scripts and conceptual representation theory, was generous enough to allow us to use his picture in AI scientists. (e-mail: schank@ils.nwu.edu).
• Weizenbaum, Joseph
. Image of Joseph Weizenbaum. The creator of the legendary ELIZA, and the list processing language SLIP, allowed us to use his picture. The Generation 5 interview with Weizenbaum can be found here. (e-mail: joseph@mit.edu)

Java Applets & Other Programs

• Ciucci, Fabio
. Fabio generously gave us permission use his Flozoids applet (e-mail) and his 2DLife. More applets can be found on his page.
• Metrowerks
. Metrowerks granted us permission to use the Multilife java program (e-mail). The java program was complied by Metrowerks' own Codewarrior.
• Van Hoff, Arthur
. Arthur Van Hoff wrote the tictactoe java applet, which belongs to Sun Microsystems (this can be found on the J++ developer's CD). Permission for us to use this applet was granted by Sun Microsystems in their documentation.
• Weizenbaum, Joseph
. Author and creator of the famous ELIZA (1967). Thanks again to Joseph Weizenbaum for granting us permission to use his popular program. (email: joseph@mit.edu).