From April 9, 1942 until May 6, 1942 America fought another losing battle on the island fortress known as "the Rock", also known as the "Gibraltor of the East". By the time of surrender not a single tree was left standing on the island, due to the extensive shelling and bombing by the Japanese. The death toll of American soldiers is uncertain, although we know 40 were left dead in the final battle before the surrender. Throughout the seige at least 1,800 soldiers suffered casualties. In the end 2,600 Americans (under General Jonathon M. Wainwright) surrendered to General Homma Masahura. At the moment of surrender, Japanese tanks were poised just a few hundred yards from Malinta Tunnel, where Wainwright's headquearters were.