Organic chemistry is the study of Carbon containing compounds. Since there is very little to do with organic chemistry this section will be very short and to the point. However, just because there are few topics related to this in most chemistry courses, doesn't mean you should ignore it, this is an easy section to get out of the way quickly.
Hydrocarbons
One of the most common organic, these compounds consist of only carbon and hydrogen.
Alkanes
These are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds, and are also known as saturated hydrocarbons.
| Alkane (CnH2n+2) | Formula |
| Methane | CH4 |
| Ethane | C2H6 |
| Propane | C3H8 |
Alkenes
These are hydrocarbons with double bonds.
| Alkene (CnH2n) | Formula |
| Ethylene | C2H4 |
| Propene | C3H6 |
| Butene | C4H8 |
Alkynes
These are hydrocarbons that contain triple bonds.
| Alkyne (CnH2n-2) | Formula |
| Ethyne | C2H2 |
| Propyne | C3H4 |
| Butyne | C4H6 |
Functional Groups
Functional groups are groups of atoms that commonly are attached to organic compounds, and they give that element some chemical properties.
Alcohols
These are organic compounds where a Hydrogen has been replaced with a hydroxide. So to find the formula of any Alcohol, just remove a hydrogen and add OH to the end.
Organic Acids
These are organic compounds where a hydrogen is replaced by a carboxyl group (COOH). So for the formula, just remove a Hydrogen from the formula and add COOH to the end.
Halides
These are organic compounds where one or more hydrogens are replaced with a halide (F, Cl, Br, I).