Iliad by Homer

Book XVI

     Thus did they fight about the ship of Protesilaus. Then Patroclus drew near to Achilles
     with tears welling from his eyes, as from some spring whose crystal stream falls over the
     ledges of a high precipice. When Achilles saw him thus weeping he was sorry for him
     and said, "Why, Patroclus, do you stand there weeping like some silly child that comes
     running to her mother, and begs to be taken up and carried- she catches hold of her
     mother's dress to stay her though she is in a hurry, and looks tearfully up until her
     mother carries her- even such tears, Patroclus, are you now shedding. Have you
     anything to say to the Myrmidons or to myself? or have you had news from Phthia
     which you alone know? They tell me Menoetius son of Actor is still alive, as also Peleus
     son of Aeacus, among the Myrmidons- men whose loss we two should bitterly deplore;
     or are you grieving about the Argives and the way in which they are being killed at the
     ships, throu their own high-handed doings? Do not hide anything from me but tell me
     that both of us may know about it."
     Then, O knight Patroclus, with a deep sigh you answered, "Achilles, son of Peleus,
     foremost champion of the Achaeans, do not be angry, but I weep for the disaster that
     has now befallen the Argives. All those who have been their champions so far are lying
     at the ships, wounded by sword or spear. Brave Diomed son of Tydeus has been hit
     with a spear, while famed Ulysses and Agamemnon have received sword-wounds;
     Eurypylus again has been struck with an arrow in the thigh; skilled apothecaries are
     attending to these heroes, and healing them of their wounds; are you still, O Achilles, so
     inexorable? May it never be my lot to nurse such a passion as you have done, to the
     baning of your own good name. Who in future story will speak well of you unless you
     now save the Argives from ruin? You know no pity; knight Peleus was not your father
     nor Thetis your mother, but the grey sea bore you and the sheer cliffs begot you, so
     cruel and remorseless are you. If however you are kept back through knowledge of
     some oracle, or if your mother Thetis has told you something from the mouth of Jove, at
     least send me and the Myrmidons with me, if I may bring deliverance to the Danaans.
     Let me moreover wear your armour; the Trojans may thus mistake me for you and quit
     the field, so that the hard-pressed sons of the Achaeans may have breathing time- which
     while they are fighting may hardly be. We who are fresh might soon drive tired men
     back from our ships and tents to their own city."
     He knew not what he was asking, nor that he was suing for his own destruction.
     Achilles was deeply moved and answered, "What, noble Patroclus, are you saying? I
     know no prophesyings which I am heeding, nor has my mother told me anything from
     the mouth of Jove, but I am cut to the very heart that one of my own rank should dare
     to rob me because he is more powerful than I am. This, after all that I have gone
     through, is more than I can endure. The girl whom the sons of the Achaeans chose for
     me, whom I won as the fruit of my spear on having sacked a city- her has King
     Agamemnon taken from me as though I were some common vagrant. Still, let bygones
     be bygones: no man may keep his anger for ever; I said I would not relent till battle and
     the cry of war had reached my own ships; nevertheless, now gird my armour about
     your shoulders, and lead the Myrmidons to battle, for the dark cloud of Trojans has
     burst furiously over our fleet; the Argives are driven back on to the beach, cooped
     within a narrow space, and the whole people of Troy has taken heart to sally out against
     them, because they see not the visor of my helmet gleaming near them. Had they seen
     this, there would not have been a creek nor grip that had not been filled with their dead
     as they fled back again. And so it would have been, if only King Agamemnon had dealt
     fairly by me. As it is the Trojans have beset our host. Diomed son of Tydeus no longer
     wields his spear to defend the Danaans, neither have I heard the voice of the son of
     Atreus coming from his hated head, whereas that of murderous Hector rings in my cars
     as he gives orders to the Trojans, who triumph over the Achaeans and fill the whole
     plain with their cry of battle. But even so, Patroclus, fall upon them and save the fleet,
     lest the Trojans fire it and prevent us from being able to return. Do, however, as I now
     bid you, that you may win me great honour from all the Danaans, and that they may
     restore the girl to me again and give me rich gifts into the bargain. When you have
     driven the Trojans from the ships, come back again. Though Juno's thundering husband
     should put triumph within your reach, do not fight the Trojans further in my absence, or
     you will rob me of glory that should be mine. And do not for of battle go on killing
     the Trojans nor lead the Achaeans on to Ilius, lest one of the ever-living gods from
     Olympus attack you- for Phoebus Apollo loves them well: return when you have freed
     the ships from peril, and let others wage war upon the plain. Would, by father Jove,
     Minerva, and Apollo, that not a single man of all the Trojans might be left alive, nor yet
     of the Argives, but that we two might be alone left to tear aside the mantle that veils the
     brow of Troy."
     Thus did they converse. But Ajax could no longer hold his ground for the shower of
     darts that rained upon him; the will of Jove and the javelins of the Trojans were too
     much for him; the helmet that gleamed about his temples rang with the continuous clatter
     of the missiles that kept pouring on to it and on to the cheek-pieces that protected his
     face. Moreover his left shoulder was tired with having held his shield so long, yet for all
     this, let fly at him as they would, they could not make him give ground. He could hardly
     draw his breath, the sweat rained from every pore of his body, he had not a moment's
     respite, and on all sides he was beset by danger upon danger.
     And now, tell me, O Muses that hold your mansions on Olympus, how fire was thrown
     upon the ships of the Achaeans. Hector came close up and let drive with his great
     sword at the ashen spear of Ajax. He cut it clean in two just behind where the point
     was fastened on to the shaft of the spear. Ajax, therefore, had now nothing but a
     headless spear, while the bronze point flew some way off and came ringing down on to
     the ground. Ajax knew the hand of heaven in this, and was dismayed at seeing that Jove
     had now left him utterly defenceless and was willing victory for the Trojans. Therefore
     he drew back, and the Trojans flung fire upon the ship which was at once wrapped in
     flame.
     The fire was now flaring about the ship's stern, whereon Achilles smote his two thighs
     and said to Patroclus, "Up, noble knight, for I see the glare of hostile fire at our fleet;
     up, lest they destroy our ships, and there be no way by which we may retreat. Gird on
     your armour at once while I call our people together."
     As he spoke Patroclus put on his armour. First he greaved his legs with greaves of good
     make, and fitted with ancle-clasps of silver; after this he donned the cuirass of the son of
     Aeacus, richly inlaid and studded. He hung his silver-studded sword of bronze about his
     shoulders, and then his mighty shield. On his comely head he set his helmet, well
     wrought, with a crest of horse-hair that nodded menacingly above it. He grasped two
     redoubtable spears that suited his hands, but he did not take the spear of noble Achilles,
     so stout and strong, for none other of the Achaeans could wield it, though Achilles
     could do so easily. This was the ashen spear from Mount Pelion, which Chiron had cut
     upon a mountain top and had given to Peleus, wherewith to deal out death among
     heroes. He bade Automedon yoke his horses with all speed, for he was the man whom
     he held in honour next after Achilles, and on whose support in battle he could rely most
     firmly. Automedon therefore yoked the fleet horses Xanthus and Balius, steeds that
     could fly like the wind: these were they whom the harpy Podarge bore to the west wind,
     as she was grazing in a meadow by the waters of the river Oceanus. In the side traces
     he set the noble horse Pedasus, whom Achilles had brought away with him when he
     sacked the city of Eetion, and who, mortal steed though he was, could take his place
     along with those that were immortal.
     Meanwhile Achilles went about everywhere among the tents, and bade his Myrmidons
     put on their armour. Even as fierce ravening wolves that are feasting upon a homed stag
     which they have killed upon the mountains, and their jaws are red with blood- they go in
     a pack to lap water from the clear spring with their long thin tongues; and they reek of
     blood and slaughter; they know not what fear is, for it is hunger drives them- even so
     did the leaders and counsellors of the Myrmidons gather round the good squire of the
     fleet descendant of Aeacus, and among them stood Achilles himself cheering on both
     men and horses.
     Fifty ships had noble Achilles brought to Troy, and in each there was a crew of fifty
     oarsmen. Over these he set five captains whom he could trust, while he was himself
     commander over them all. Menesthius of the gleaming corslet, son to the river
     Spercheius that streams from heaven, was captain of the first company. Fair Polydora
     daughter of Peleus bore him to ever-flowing Spercheius- a woman mated with a god-
     but he was called son of Borus son of Perieres, with whom his mother was living as his
     wedded wife, and who gave great wealth to gain her. The second company was led by
     noble Eudorus, son to an unwedded woman. Polymele, daughter of Phylas the graceful
     dancer, bore him; the mighty slayer of Argos was enamoured of her as he saw her
     among the singing women at a dance held in honour of Diana the rushing huntress of the
     golden arrows; he therefore- Mercury, giver of all good- went with her into an upper
     chamber, and lay with her in secret, whereon she bore him a noble son Eudorus,
     singularly fleet of foot and in fight valiant. When Ilithuia goddess of the pains of
     child-birth brought him to the light of day, and he saw the face of the sun, mighty
     Echecles son of Actor took the mother to wife, and gave great wealth to gain her, but
     her father Phylas brought the child up, and took care of him, doting as fondly upon him
     as though he were his own son. The third company was led by Pisander son of
     Maemalus, the finest spearman among all the Myrmidons next to Achilles' own comrade
     Patroclus. The old knight Phoenix was captain of the fourth company, and Alcimedon,
     noble son of Laerceus of the fifth.
     When Achilles had chosen his men and had stationed them all with their captains, he
     charged them straitly saying, "Myrmidons, remember your threats against the Trojans
     while you were at the ships in the time of my anger, and you were all complaining of me.
     'Cruel son of Peleus,' you would say, 'your mother must have suckled you on gall, so
     ruthless are you. You keep us here at the ships against our will; if you are so relentless it
     were better we went home over the sea.' Often have you gathered and thus chided with
     me. The hour is now come for those high feats of arms that you have so long been
     pining for, therefore keep high hearts each one of you to do battle with the Trojans."
     With these words he put heart and soul into them all, and they serried their companies
     yet more closely when they heard the of their king. As the stones which a builder sets in
     the wall of some high house which is to give shelter from the winds- even so closely
     were the helmets and bossed shields set against one another. Shield pressed on shield,
     helm on helm, and man on man; so close were they that the horse-hair plumes on the
     gleaming ridges of their helmets touched each other as they bent their heads.
     In front of them all two men put on their armour- Patroclus and Automedon- two men,
     with but one mind to lead the Myrmidons. Then Achilles went inside his tent and
     opened the lid of the strong chest which silver-footed Thetis had given him to take on
     board ship, and which she had filled with shirts, cloaks to keep out the cold, and good
     thick rugs. In this chest he had a cup of rare workmanship, from which no man but
     himself might drink, nor would he make offering from it to any other god save only to
     father Jove. He took the cup from the chest and cleansed it with sulphur; this done he
     rinsed it clean water, and after he had washed his hands he drew wine. Then he stood in
     the middle of the court and prayed, looking towards heaven, and making his
     drink-offering of wine; nor was he unseen of Jove whose joy is in thunder. "King Jove,"
     he cried, "lord of Dodona, god of the Pelasgi, who dwellest afar, you who hold wintry
     Dodona in your sway, where your prophets the Selli dwell around you with their feet
     unwashed and their couches made upon the ground- if you heard me when I prayed to
     you aforetime, and did me honour while you sent disaster on the Achaeans, vouchsafe
     me now the fulfilment of yet this further prayer. I shall stay here where my ships are
     lying, but I shall send my comrade into battle at the head of many Myrmidons. Grant, O
     all-seeing Jove, that victory may go with him; put your courage into his heart that Hector
     may learn whether my squire is man enough to fight alone, or whether his might is only
     then so indomitable when I myself enter the turmoil of war. Afterwards when he has
     chased the fight and the cry of battle from the ships, grant that he may return unharmed,
     with his armour and his comrades, fighters in close combat."
     Thus did he pray, and all-counselling Jove heard his prayer. Part of it he did indeed
     vouchsafe him- but not the whole. He granted that Patroclus should thrust back war and
     battle from the ships, but refused to let him come safely out of the fight.
     When he had made his drink-offering and had thus prayed, Achilles went inside his tent
     and put back the cup into his chest.
     Then he again came out, for he still loved to look upon the fierce fight that raged
     between the Trojans and Achaeans.
     Meanwhile the armed band that was about Patroclus marched on till they sprang high in
     hope upon the Trojans. They came swarming out like wasps whose nests are by the
     roadside, and whom silly children love to tease, whereon any one who happens to be
     passing may get stung- or again, if a wayfarer going along the road vexes them by
     accident, every wasp will come flying out in a fury to defend his little ones- even with
     such rage and courage did the Myrmidons swarm from their ships, and their cry of
     battle rose heavenwards. Patroclus called out to his men at the top of his voice,
     "Myrmidons, followers of Achilles son of Peleus, be men my friends, fight with might
     and with main, that we may win glory for the son of Peleus, who is far the foremost man
     at the ships of the Argives- he, and his close fighting followers. The son of Atreus King
     Agamemnon will thus learn his folly in showing no respect to the bravest of the
     Achaeans."
     With these words he put heart and soul into them all, and they fell in a body upon the
     Trojans. The ships rang again with the cry which the Achaeans raised, and when the
     Trojans saw the brave son of Menoetius and his squire all gleaming in their armour, they
     were daunted and their battalions were thrown into confusion, for they thought the fleet
     son of Peleus must now have put aside his anger, and have been reconciled to
     Agamemnon; every one, therefore, looked round about to see whither he might fly for
     safety.
     Patroclus first aimed a spear into the middle of the press where men were packed most
     closely, by the stern of the ship of Protesilaus. He hit Pyraechmes who had led his
     Paeonian horsemen from the Amydon and the broad waters of the river Axius; the
     spear struck him on the right shoulder, and with a groan he fell backwards in the dust;
     on this his men were thrown into confusion, for by killing their leader, who was the finest
     soldier among them, Patroclus struck panic into them all. He thus drove them from the
     ship and quenched the fire that was then blazing- leaving the half-burnt ship to lie where
     it was. The Trojans were now driven back with a shout that rent the skies, while the
     Danaans poured after them from their ships, shouting also without ceasing. As when
     Jove, gatherer of the thunder-cloud, spreads a dense canopy on the top of some lofty
     mountain, and all the peaks, the jutting headlands, and forest glades show out in the
     great light that flashes from the bursting heavens, even so when the Danaans had now
     driven back the fire from their ships, they took breath for a little while; but the fury of
     the fight was not yet over, for the Trojans were not driven back in utter rout, but still
     gave battle, and were ousted from their ground only by sheer fighting.
     The fight then became more scattered, and the chieftains killed one another when and
     how they could. The valiant son of Menoetius first drove his spear into the thigh of
     Areilycus just as he was turning round; the point went clean through, and broke the
     bone so that he fell forward. Meanwhile Menelaus struck Thoas in the chest, where it
     was exposed near the rim of his shield, and he fell dead. The son of Phyleus saw
     Amphiclus about to attack him, and ere he could do so took aim at the upper part of his
     thigh, where the muscles are thicker than in any other part; the spear tore through all the
     sinews of the leg, and his eyes were closed in darkness. Of the sons of Nestor one,
     Antilochus, speared Atymnius, driving the point of the spear through his throat, and
     down he fell. Maris then sprang on Antilochus in hand-to-hand fight to avenge his
     brother, and bestrode the body spear in hand; but valiant Thrasymedes was too quick
     for him, and in a moment had struck him in the shoulder ere he could deal his blow; his
     aim was true, and the spear severed all the muscles at the root of his arm, and tore them
     right down to the bone, so he fell heavily to the ground and his eyes were closed in
     darkness. Thus did these two noble comrades of Sarpedon go down to Erebus slain by
     the two sons of Nestor; they were the warrior sons of Amisodorus, who had reared the
     invincible Chimaera, to the bane of many. Ajax son of Oileus sprang on Cleobulus and
     took him alive as he was entangled in the crush; but he killed him then and there by a
     sword-blow on the neck. The sword reeked with his blood, while dark death and the
     strong hand of fate gripped him and closed his eyes.
     Peneleos and Lycon now met in close fight, for they had missed each other with their
     spears. They had both thrown without effect, so now they drew their swords. Lycon
     struck the plumed crest of Peneleos' helmet but his sword broke at the hilt, while
     Peneleos smote Lycon on the neck under the ear. The blade sank so deep that the head
     was held on by nothing but the skin, and there was no more life left in him. Meriones
     gave chase to Acamas on foot and caught him up just as he was about to mount his
     chariot; he drove a spear through his right shoulder so that he fell headlong from the car,
     and his eyes were closed in darkness. Idomeneus speared Erymas in the mouth; the
     bronze point of the spear went clean through it beneath the brain, crashing in among the
     white bones and smashing them up. His teeth were all of them knocked out and the
     blood came gushing in a stream from both his eyes; it also came gurgling up from his
     mouth and nostrils, and the darkness of death enfolded him round about.
     Thus did these chieftains of the Danaans each of them kill his man. As ravening wolves
     seize on kids or lambs, fastening on them when they are alone on the hillsides and have
     strayed from the main flock through the carelessness of the shepherd- and when the
     wolves see this they pounce upon them at once because they cannot defend
     themselves- even so did the Danaans now fall on the Trojans, who fled with ill-omened
     cries in their panic and had no more fight left in them.
     Meanwhile great Ajax kept on trying to drive a spear into Hector, but Hector was so
     skilful that he held his broad shoulders well under cover of his ox-hide shield, ever on
     the look-out for the whizzing of the arrows and the heavy thud of the spears. He well
     knew that the fortunes of the day had changed, but still stood his ground and tried to
     protect his comrades.
     As when a cloud goes up into heaven from Olympus, rising out of a clear sky when
     Jove is brewing a gale- even with such panic stricken rout did the Trojans now fly, and
     there was no order in their going. Hector's fleet horses bore him and his armour out of
     the fight, and he left the Trojan host penned in by the deep trench against their will.
     Many a yoke of horses snapped the pole of their chariots in the trench and left their
     master's car behind them. Patroclus gave chase, calling impetuously on the Danaans and
     full of fury against the Trojans, who, being now no longer in a body, filled all the ways
     with their cries of panic and rout; the air was darkened with the clouds of dust they
     raised, and the horses strained every nerve in their flight from the tents and ships
     towards the city.
     Patroclus kept on heading his horses wherever he saw most men flying in confusion,
     cheering on his men the while. Chariots were being smashed in all directions, and many
     a man came tumbling down from his own car to fall beneath the wheels of that of
     Patroclus, whose immortal steeds, given by the gods to Peleus, sprang over the trench
     at a bound as they sped onward. He was intent on trying to get near Hector, for he had
     set his heart on spearing him, but Hector's horses were now hurrying him away. As the
     whole dark earth bows before some tempest on an autumn day when Jove rains his
     hardest to punish men for giving crooked judgement in their courts, and arriving justice
     therefrom without heed to the decrees of heaven- all the rivers run full and the torrents
     tear many a new channel as they roar headlong from the mountains to the dark sea, and
     it fares ill with the works of men- even such was the stress and strain of the Trojan
     horses in their flight.
     Patroclus now cut off the battalions that were nearest to him and drove them back to
     the ships. They were doing their best to reach the city, but he would not Yet them, and
     bore down on them between the river and the ships and wall. Many a fallen comrade
     did he then avenge. First he hit Pronous with a spear on the chest where it was exposed
     near the rim of his shield, and he fell heavily to the ground. Next he sprang on Thestor
     son of Enops, who was sitting all huddled up in his chariot, for he had lost his head and
     the reins had been torn out of his hands. Patroclus went up to him and drove a spear
     into his right jaw; he thus hooked him by the teeth and the spear pulled him over the rim
     of his car, as one who sits at the end of some jutting rock and draws a strong fish out of
     the sea with a hook and a line- even so with his spear did he pull Thestor all gaping
     from his chariot; he then threw him down on his face and he died while falling. On this,
     as Erylaus was on to attack him, he struck him full on the head with a stone, and his
     brains were all battered inside his helmet, whereon he fell headlong to the ground and
     the pangs of death took hold upon him. Then he laid low, one after the other, Erymas,
     Amphoterus, Epaltes, Tlepolemus, Echius son of Damastor, Pyris, lpheus, Euippus and
     Polymelus son of Argeas.
     Now when Sarpedon saw his comrades, men who wore ungirdled tunics, being
     overcome by Patroclus son of Menoetius, he rebuked the Lycians saying. "Shame on
     you, where are you flying to? Show your mettle; I will myself meet this man in fight and
     learn who it is that is so masterful; he has done us much hurt, and has stretched many a
     brave man upon the ground."
     He sprang from his chariot as he spoke, and Patroclus, when he saw this, leaped on to
     the ground also. The two then rushed at one another with loud cries like eagle-beaked
     crook-taloned vultures that scream and tear at one another in some high mountain
     fastness.
     The son of scheming Saturn looked down upon them in pity and said to Juno who was
     his wife and sister, "Alas, that it should be the lot of Sarpedon whom I love so dearly to
     perish by the hand of Patroclus. I am in two minds whether to catch him up out of the
     fight and set him down safe and sound in the fertile land of Lycia, or to let him now fall
     by the hand of the son of Menoetius."
     And Juno answered, "Most dread son of Saturn, what is this that you are saying?
     Would you snatch a mortal man, whose doom has long been fated, out of the jaws of
     death? Do as you will, but we shall not all of us be of your mind. I say further, and lay
     my saying to your heart, that if you send Sarpedon safely to his own home, some other
     of the gods will be also wanting to escort his son out of battle, for there are many sons
     of gods fighting round the city of Troy, and you will make every one jealous. If,
     however, you are fond of him and pity him, let him indeed fall by the hand of Patroclus,
     but as soon as the life is gone out of him, send Death and sweet Sleep to bear him off
     the field and take him to the broad lands of Lycia, where his brothers and his kinsmen
     will bury him with mound and pillar, in due honour to the dead."
     The sire of gods and men assented, but he shed a rain of blood upon the earth in honour
     of his son whom Patroclus was about to kill on the rich plain of Troy far from his home.
     When they were now come close to one another Patroclus struck Thrasydemus, the
     brave squire of Sarpedon, in the lower part of the belly, and killed him. Sarpedon then
     aimed a spear at Patroclus and missed him, but he struck the horse Pedasus in the right
     shoulder, and it screamed aloud as it lay, groaning in the dust until the life went out of it.
     The other two horses began to plunge; the pole of the chariot cracked and they got
     entangled in the reins through the fall of the horse that was yoked along with them; but
     Automedon knew what to do; without the loss of a moment he drew the keen blade
     that hung by his sturdy thigh and cut the third horse adrift; whereon the other two
     righted themselves, and pulling hard at the reins again went together into battle.
     Sarpedon now took a second aim at Patroclus, and again missed him, the point of the
     spear passed over his left shoulder without hitting him. Patroclus then aimed in his turn,
     and the spear sped not from his hand in vain, for he hit Sarpedon just where the midriff
     surrounds the ever-beating heart. He fell like some oak or silver poplar or tall pine to
     which woodmen have laid their axes upon the mountains to make timber for
     ship-building- even so did he lie stretched at full length in front of his chariot and horses,
     moaning and clutching at the blood-stained dust. As when a lion springs with a bound
     upon a herd of cattle and fastens on a great black bull which dies bellowing in its
     clutches- even so did the leader of the Lycian warriors struggle in death as he fell by the
     hand of Patroclus. He called on his trusty comrade and said, "Glaucus, my brother, hero
     among heroes, put forth all your strength, fight with might and main, now if ever quit
     yourself like a valiant soldier. First go about among the Lycian captains and bid them
     fight for Sarpedon; then yourself also do battle to save my armour from being taken.
     My name will haunt you henceforth and for ever if the Achaeans rob me of my armour
     now that I have fallen at their ships. Do your very utmost and call all my people
     together."
     Death closed his eyes as he spoke. Patroclus planted his heel on his breast and drew
     the spear from his body, whereon his senses came out along with it, and he drew out
     both spear-point and Sarpedon's soul at the same time. Hard by the Myrmidons held
     his snorting steeds, who were wild with panic at finding themselves deserted by their
     lords.
     Glaucus was overcome with grief when he heard what Sarpedon said, for he could not
     help him. He had to support his arm with his other hand, being in great pain through the
     wound which Teucer's arrow had given him when Teucer was defending the wall as he,
     Glaucus, was assailing it. Therefore he prayed to far-darting Apollo saying, "Hear me O
     king from your seat, may be in the rich land of Lycia, or may be in Troy, for in all places
     you can hear the prayer of one who is in distress, as I now am. I have a grievous
     wound; my hand is aching with pain, there is no staunching the blood, and my whole
     arm drags by reason of my hurt, so that I cannot grasp my sword nor go among my
     foes and fight them, thou our prince, Jove's son Sarpedon, is slain. Jove defended not
     his son, do you, therefore, O king, heal me of my wound, ease my pain and grant me
     strength both to cheer on the Lycians and to fight along with them round the body of
     him who has fallen."
     Thus did he pray, and Apollo heard his prayer. He eased his pain, staunched the black
     blood from the wound, and gave him new strength. Glaucus perceived this, and was
     thankful that the mighty god had answered his prayer; forthwith, therefore, he went
     among the Lycian captains, and bade them come to fight about the body of Sarpedon.
     From these he strode on among the Trojans to Polydamas son of Panthous and
     Agenor; he then went in search of Aeneas and Hector, and when he had found them he
     said, "Hector, you have utterly forgotten your allies, who languish here for your sake far
     from friends and home while you do nothing to support them. Sarpedon leader of the
     Lycian warriors has fallen- he who was at once the right and might of Lycia; Mars has
     laid him low by the spear of Patroclus. Stand by him, my friends, and suffer not the
     Myrmidons to strip him of his armour, nor to treat his body with contumely in revenge
     for all the Danaans whom we have speared at the ships."
     As he spoke the Trojans were plunged in extreme and ungovernable grief; for
     Sarpedon, alien though he was, had been one of the main stays of their city, both as
     having much people with him, and himself the foremost among them all. Led by Hector,
     who was infuriated by the fall of Sarpedon, they made instantly for the Danaans with all
     their might, while the undaunted spirit of Patroclus son of Menoetius cheered on the
     Achaeans. First he spoke to the two Ajaxes, men who needed no bidding. "Ajaxes,"
     said he, "may it now please you to show youselves the men you have always been, or
     even better- Sarpedon is fallen- he who was first to overleap the wall of the Achaeans;
     let us take the body and outrage it; let us strip the armour from his shoulders, and kill his
     comrades if they try to rescue his body."
     He spoke to men who of themselves were full eager; both sides, therefore, the Trojans
     and Lycians on the one hand, and the Myrmidons and Achaeans on the other,
     strengthened their battalions, and fought desperately about the body of Sarpedon,
     shouting fiercely the while. Mighty was the din of their armour as they came together,
     and Jove shed a thick darkness over the fight, to increase the of the battle over the
     body of his son.
     At first the Trojans made some headway against the Achaeans, for one of the best men
     among the Myrmidons was killed, Epeigeus, son of noble Agacles who had erewhile
     been king in the good city of Budeum; but presently, having killed a valiant kinsman of
     his own, he took refuge with Peleus and Thetis, who sent him to Ilius the land of noble
     steeds to fight the Trojans under Achilles. Hector now struck him on the head with a
     stone just as he had caught hold of the body, and his brains inside his helmet were all
     battered in, so that he fell face foremost upon the body of Sarpedon, and there died.
     Patroclus was enraged by the death of his comrade, and sped through the front ranks as
     swiftly as a hawk that swoops down on a flock of daws or starlings. Even so swiftly, O
     noble knight Patroclus, did you make straight for the Lycians and Trojans to avenge
     your comrade. Forthwith he struck Sthenelaus the son of Ithaemenes on the neck with a
     stone, and broke the tendons that join it to the head and spine. On this Hector and the
     front rank of his men gave ground. As far as a man can throw a javelin when competing
     for some prize, or even in battle- so far did the Trojans now retreat before the
     Achaeans. Glaucus, captain of the Lycians, was the first to rally them, by killing
     Bathycles son of Chalcon who lived in Hellas and was the richest man among the
     Myrmidons. Glaucus turned round suddenly, just as Bathycles who was pursuing him
     was about to lay hold of him, and drove his spear right into the middle of his chest,
     whereon he fell heavily to the ground, and the fall of so good a man filled the Achaeans
     with dismay, while the Trojans were exultant, and came up in a body round the corpse.
     Nevertheless the Achaeans, mindful of their prowess, bore straight down upon them.
     Meriones then killed a helmed warrior of the Trojans, Laogonus son of Onetor, who
     was priest of Jove of Mt. Ida, and was honoured by the people as though he were a
     god. Meriones struck him under the jaw and ear, so that life went out of him and the
     darkness of death laid hold upon him. Aeneas then aimed a spear at Meriones, hoping
     to hit him under the shield as he was advancing, but Meriones saw it coming and
     stooped forward to avoid it, whereon the spear flew past him and the point stuck in the
     ground, while the -end went on quivering till Mars robbed it of its force. The spear,
     therefore, sped from Aeneas's hand in vain and fell quivering to the ground. Aeneas was
     angry and said, "Meriones, you are a good dancer, but if I had hit you my spear would
     soon have made an end of you."
     And Meriones answered, "Aeneas, for all your bravery, you will not be able to make an
     end of every one who comes against you. You are only a mortal like myself, and if I
     were to hit you in the middle of your shield with my spear, however strong and
     self-confident you may be, I should soon vanquish you, and you would yield your life to
     Hades of the noble steeds."
     On this the son of Menoetius rebuked him and said, "Meriones, hero though you be,
     you should not speak thus; taunting speeches, my good friend, will not make the
     Trojans draw away from the dead body; some of them must go under ground first;
     blows for battle, and words for council; fight, therefore, and say nothing."
     He led the way as he spoke and the hero went forward with him. As the sound of
     woodcutters in some forest glade upon the mountains- and the thud of their axes is
     heard afar- even such a din now rose from earth-clash of bronze armour and of good
     ox-hide shields, as men smote each other with their swords and spears pointed at both
     ends. A man had need of good eyesight now to know Sarpedon, so covered was he
     from head to foot with spears and blood and dust. Men swarmed about the body, as
     flies that buzz round the full milk-pails in spring when they are brimming with milk- even
     so did they gather round Sarpedon; nor did Jove turn his keen eyes away for one
     moment from the fight, but kept looking at it all the time, for he was settling how best to
     kill Patroclus, and considering whether Hector should be allowed to end him now in the
     fight round the body of Sarpedon, and strip him of his armour, or whether he should let
     him give yet further trouble to the Trojans. In the end, he deemed it best that the brave
     squire of Achilles son of Peleus should drive Hector and the Trojans back towards the
     city and take the lives of many. First, therefore, he made Hector turn fainthearted,
     whereon he mounted his chariot and fled, bidding the other Trojans fly also, for he saw
     that the scales of Jove had turned against him. Neither would the brave Lycians stand
     firm; they were dismayed when they saw their king lying struck to the heart amid a heap
     of corpses- for when the son of Saturn made the fight wax hot many had fallen above
     him. The Achaeans, therefore stripped the gleaming armour from his shoulders and the
     brave son of Menoetius gave it to his men to take to the ships. Then Jove lord of the
     storm-cloud said to Apollo, "Dear Phoebus, go, I pray you, and take Sarpedon out of
     range of the weapons; cleanse the black blood from off him, and then bear him a long
     way off where you may wash him in the river, anoint him with ambrosia, and clothe him
     in immortal raiment; this done, commit him to the arms of the two fleet messengers,
     Death, and Sleep, who will carry him straightway to the rich land of Lycia, where his
     brothers and kinsmen will inter him, and will raise both mound and pillar to his memory,
     in due honour to the dead."
     Thus he spoke. Apollo obeyed his father's saying, and came down from the heights of
     Ida into the thick of the fight; forthwith he took Sarpedon out of range of the weapons,
     and then bore him a long way off, where he washed him in the river, anointed him with
     ambrosia and clothed him in immortal raiment; this done, he committed him to the arms
     of the two fleet messengers, Death, and Sleep, who presently set him down in the rich
     land of Lycia.
     Meanwhile Patroclus, with many a shout to his horses and to Automedon, pursued the
     Trojans and Lycians in the pride and foolishness of his heart. Had he but obeyed the
     bidding of the son of Peleus, he would have, escaped death and have been scatheless;
     but the counsels of Jove pass man's understanding; he will put even a brave man to flight
     and snatch victory from his grasp, or again he will set him on to fight, as he now did
     when he put a high spirit into the heart of Patroclus.
     Who then first, and who last, was slain by you, O Patroclus, when the gods had now
     called you to meet your doom? First Adrestus, Autonous, Echeclus, Perimus the son of
     Megas, Epistor and Melanippus; after these he killed Elasus, Mulius, and Pylartes.
     These he slew, but the rest saved themselves by flight.
     The sons of the Achaeans would now have taken Troy by the hands of Patroclus, for
     his spear flew in all directions, had not Phoebus Apollo taken his stand upon the wall to
     defeat his purpose and to aid the Trojans. Thrice did Patroclus charge at an angle of the
     high wall, and thrice did Apollo beat him back, striking his shield with his own immortal
     hands. When Patroclus was coming on like a god for yet a fourth time, Apollo shouted
     to him with an awful voice and said, "Draw back, noble Patroclus, it is not your lot to
     sack the city of the Trojan chieftains, nor yet will it be that of Achilles who is a far better
     man than you are." On hearing this, Patroclus withdrew to some distance and avoided
     the anger of Apollo.
     Meanwhile Hector was waiting with his horses inside the Scaean gates, in doubt
     whether to drive out again and go on fighting, or to call the army inside the gates. As he
     was thus doubting Phoebus Apollo drew near him in the likeness of a young and lusty
     warrior Asius, who was Hector's uncle, being own brother to Hecuba, and son of
     Dymas who lived in Phrygia by the waters of the river Sangarius; in his likeness Jove's
     son Apollo now spoke to Hector saying, "Hector, why have you left off fighting? It is ill
     done of you. If I were as much better a man than you, as I am worse, you should soon
     rue your slackness. Drive straight towards Patroclus, if so be that Apollo may grant you
     a triumph over him, and you may rull him."
     With this the god went back into the hurly-burly, and Hector bade Cebriones drive
     again into the fight. Apollo passed in among them, and struck panic into the Argives,
     while he gave triumph to Hector and the Trojans. Hector let the other Danaans alone
     and killed no man, but drove straight at Patroclus. Patroclus then sprang from his
     chariot to the ground, with a spear in his left hand, and in his right a jagged stone as
     large as his hand could hold. He stood still and threw it, nor did it go far without hitting
     some one; the cast was not in vain, for the stone struck Cebriones, Hector's charioteer,
     a son of Priam, as he held the reins in his hands. The stone hit him on the
     forehead and drove his brows into his head for the bone was smashed, and his eyes fell
     to the ground at his feet. He dropped dead from his chariot as though he were diving,
     and there was no more life left in him. Over him did you then vaunt, O knight Patroclus,
     saying, "Bless my heart, how active he is, and how well he dives. If we had been at sea
     this fellow would have dived from the ship's side and brought up as many oysters as the
     whole crew could stomach, even in rough water, for he has dived beautifully off his
     chariot on to the ground. It seems, then, that there are divers also among the Trojans."
     As he spoke he flung himself on Cebriones with the spring, as it were, of a lion that
     while attacking a stockyard is himself struck in the chest, and his courage is his own
     bane- even so furiously, O Patroclus, did you then spring upon Cebriones. Hector
     sprang also from his chariot to the ground. The pair then fought over the body of
     Cebriones. As two lions fight fiercely on some high mountain over the body of a stag
     that they have killed, even so did these two mighty warriors, Patroclus son of Menoetius
     and brave Hector, hack and hew at one another over the corpse of Cebriones. Hector
     would not let him go when he had once got him by the head, while Patroclus kept fast
     hold of his feet, and a fierce fight raged between the other Danaans and Trojans. As the
     east and south wind buffet one another when they beat upon some dense forest on the
     mountains- there is beech and ash and spreading cornel; the to of the trees roar as they
     beat on one another, and one can hear the boughs cracking and breaking- even so did
     the Trojans and Achaeans spring upon one another and lay about each other, and
     neither side would give way. Many a pointed spear fell to ground and many a winged
     arrow sped from its bow-string about the body of Cebriones; many a great stone,
     moreover, beat on many a shield as they fought around his body, but there he lay in the
     whirling clouds of dust, all huge and hugely, heedless of his driving now.
     So long as the sun was still high in mid-heaven the weapons of either side were alike
     deadly, and the people fell; but when he went down towards the time when men loose
     their oxen, the Achaeans proved to be beyond all forecast stronger, so that they drew
     Cebriones out of range of the darts and tumult of the Trojans, and stripped the armour
     from his shoulders. Then Patroclus sprang like Mars with fierce intent and a terrific
     shout upon the Trojans, and thrice did he kill nine men; but as he was coming on like a
     god for a time, then, O Patroclus, was the hour of your end approaching, for Phoebus
     fought you in fell earnest. Patroclus did not see him as he moved about in the crush, for
     he was enshrouded in thick darkness, and the god struck him from behind on his back
     and his broad shoulders with the flat of his hand, so that his eyes turned dizzy. Phoebus
     Apollo beat the helmet from off his head, and it rolled rattling off under the horses' feet,
     where its horse-hair plumes were all begrimed with dust and blood. Never indeed had
     that helmet fared so before, for it had served to protect the head and comely forehead
     of the godlike hero Achilles. Now, however, Zeus delivered it over to be worn by
     Hector. Nevertheless the end of Hector also was near. The bronze-shod spear, so
     great and so strong, was broken in the hand of Patroclus, while his shield that covered
     him from head to foot fell to the ground as did also the band that held it, and Apollo
     undid the fastenings of his corslet.
     On this his mind became clouded; his limbs failed him, and he stood as one dazed;
     whereon Euphorbus son of Panthous a Dardanian, the best spearman of his time, as
     also the finest horseman and fleetest runner, came behind him and struck him in the
     back with a spear, midway between the shoulders. This man as soon as ever he had
     come up with his chariot had dismounted twenty men, so proficient was he in all the arts
     of war- he it was, O knight Patroclus, that first drove a weapon into you, but he did not
     quite overpower you. Euphorbus then ran back into the crowd, after drawing his ashen
     spear out of the wound; he would not stand firm and wait for Patroclus, unarmed
     though he now was, to attack him; but Patroclus unnerved, alike by the blow the god
     had given him and by the spear-wound, drew back under cover of his men in fear for
     his life. Hector on this, seeing him to be wounded and giving ground, forced his way
     through the ranks, and when close up with him struck him in the lower part of the belly
     with a spear, driving the bronze point right through it, so that he fell heavily to the
     ground to the great of the Achaeans. As when a lion has fought some fierce wild-boar
     and worsted him- the two fight furiously upon the mountains over some little fountain at
     which they would both drink, and the lion has beaten the boar till he can hardly breathe-
     even so did Hector son of Priam take the life of the brave son of Menoetius who had
     killed so many, striking him from close at hand, and vaunting over him the while.
     "Patroclus," said he, "you deemed that you should sack our city, rob our Trojan women
     of their freedom, and carry them off in your ships to your own country. Fool; Hector
     and his fleet horses were ever straining their utmost to defend them. I am foremost of all
     the Trojan warriors to stave the day of from off them; as for you, vultures shall
     devour you here. Poor wretch, Achilles with all his bravery availed you nothing; and yet
     I ween when you left him he charged you straitly saying, 'Come not back to the ships,
     knight Patroclus, till you have rent the bloodstained shirt of murderous Hector about his
     body. Thus I ween did he charge you, and your fool's heart answered him 'yea' within
     you."
     Then, as the life ebbed out of you, you answered, O knight Patroclus: "Hector, vaunt as
     you will, for Jove the son of Saturn and Apollo have vouchsafed you victory; it is they
     who have vanquished me so easily, and they who have stripped the armour from my
     shoulders; had twenty such men as you attacked me, all of them would have fallen
     before my spear. Fate and the son of Leto have overpowered me, and among mortal
     men Euphorbus; you are yourself third only in the killing of me. I say further, and lay my
     saying to your heart, you too shall live but for a little season; death and the day of your
     doom are close upon you, and they will lay you low by the hand of Achilles son of
     Aeacus."
     When he had thus spoken his eyes were closed in death, his soul left his body and flitted
     down to the house of Hades, mourning its sad fate and bidding farewell to the youth and
     vigor of its manhood. Dead though he was, Hector still spoke to him saying, "Patroclus,
     why should you thus foretell my doom? Who knows but Achilles, son of lovely Thetis,
     may be smitten by my spear and die before me?"
     As he spoke he drew the bronze spear from the wound, planting his foot upon the
     body, which he thrust off and let lie on its back. He then went spear in hand after
     Automedon, squire of the fleet descendant of Aeacus, for he longed to lay him low, but
     the immortal steeds which the gods had given as a rich gift to Peleus bore him swiftly
     from the field.

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