Terms

Nationalism

This is the term for a strong feeling of pride for one's nation. This period was characterized by its intense nationalism; it was known as "the Era of Good Feelings."

Sectionalism

During this period of time, it was obvious that a link was being made between the North and the West. The South was diverging from the North and the West.

The American System, Henry Clay

This plan, proposed by Henry Clay, provided for a Second Bank of the United States, a protective tariff, and internal improvements. This plan would appeal to the Northerners and the Westerners, but it angered the South. This is just another example of the developing sectionalism during this time.

Internal Improvements

Those who supported funding for internal improvements wanted to build a national highway. A national highway would link the North to the West; the South had no need for a national highway and did not support it.

The Monroe Doctrine, James Monroe

This doctrine was a policy stated in a message to Congress. Its basic points were: 1) The Western Hemisphere was no longer open to colonization or military intervention by European powers; 2) The U.S. was not to interfere with European affairs; 3) The Western Hemisphere was an area of American dominance. This represented America's determination to keep the East out of the West.

Election of 1824, "The Corrupt Bargain"

In this election, none of the four candidates (Jackson, Adams, Crawford, Clay) had a majority of electoral votes, sending this election to the House of Representatives. Clay was eliminated for the run-off and threw his support behind Adams, leading to Adams' victory. Adams later named Clay as his Secretary of State, causing Jackson's supporters to call this a "corrupt bargain."

McCulloch v. Maryland

In this 1819 case, the national bank was declared constitutional by John Marshall and state governments could not tax the federal government.

Fletcher v. Peck

This 1810 court case determined that the Constitution was supreme over state laws, and if they conflicted, the constitutional law would be followed.

Gibbons v. Ogden

This 1824 case determined that the federal government had exclusive control over interstate commerce.

Rush-Bagot Treaty, 1817

This Treaty disarmed the border between the U.S. and Canada.

Convention of 1818

This set the 49th parallel as the northern border of the Louisiana Purchase. It also stated that the U.S. and Great Britain would jointly occupy the Oregon Territory for ten years.

Adams-Onis Treaty, 1819

This treaty allowed the U.S. to acquire Florida from Spain.

Mass Production

This process was available due to Eli Whitney's invention of interchangeable parts; products could be manufactured in great numbers simultaneously instead of making one product at a time.

Cotton Gin, Eli Whitney

Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin, which was made to lessen the need for slaves. However, its production actually increased the desire for slaves.

Lowell Mills

Lowell, Massachusetts was the first town in the U.S. founded around a factory setting.

Panic of 1819

This was yet another American economic recession. It ended the Era of Good Feelings.

Tallmadge Amendment

This amendment was never passed. It provided that no new slavery would be incorporated into the nation after Missouri, and all current slaves and their children would be freed at the age of 25. This would eventually make Missouri a free state.

Missouri Compromise

This was the compromise that solved the issue of the expansion of slavery. Maine would enter the Union as a free state whil Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state. No slavery would be allowed north of the 36°30' line in the Louisiana Territory. This compromise passed with the help of Henry Clay's enthusiasm.

The Era of Good Feelings

This was the period in which nationalism was strong. Everybody seemed to be happy. However, sectionalism was emerging underneath the shiny surface.

John Marshall

In 1803, Marshall created the power of judicial review in the Marbury v. Madison decision. He also ruled the most important cases during the Era of Good Feelings.

James Madison

He was the Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson, and was the 4th President of the United States, during the War of 1812.

Samuel Slater

He brought the design of the cotton spinning machine from Great Britain to the U.S. He was known as "the father of the factory system."

Robert Fulton

He was the inventor of the steam engine.

John Quincy Adams

He was a great diplomat for the U.S., but was and still is regarded as one of the poorer presidents in American history.