Terms

Yom Kippur War

After the Israeli victory in the Six-Day War in 1967, an uneasy truce was settled. In October 1973, on the Israeli Holy Day of Yom Kippur, war broke out in the Middle East. Again, Israel was triumphant.

O.P.E.C.

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. They held an oil embargo in the U.S. that led to the energy crisis.

Clear Air Act

This 1972 Act was Congress' response to the growing environmental movement.

Alaskan Pipeline

This was the pipeline that sent much need petroleum to the United States.

WIN Buttons

"Whip Inflation Now"

silicon chip

This chip is used in computers.

Sandra Day O'Connor

She was the first female Supreme Court justice.

E.R.A.

The Equal Rights Amendment.

Phyllis Schlafly

She is a conservative and current member of the Christian Coalition.

Roe v. Wade

This made a state law barring abortion illegal.

Bakke Case

This was the case in which a man was rejected from the University of California because of his race. The Supreme Court ruled that race could be one criteria in choosing candidates, but could not be the only criteria.

Affirmative Action

This is the system in which politicians hoped to integrate the workplace with minorities. Many have attacked this system as quotas have been used.

Election of 1976

Jimmy Carter won this election, breaking a string of Republican presidents from Eisenhower to Ford.

Nixon's pardon

Ford pardoned Nixon, thus causing him to lose respect among many Americans.

Spiro Agnew

Agnew was Nixon's original Vice President that resigned to avoid prosecution for taking bribes while serving as Governor of Maryland.

Walter Mondale

He was Carter's Vice President and ran for President in 1984 with Geraldine Ferraro as his running mate. Ferraro was the first female to run for Vice President for a major party.

Cyrus Vance

He was an experienced diplomat and wanted Soviet-American cooperation.

Zbigniew Brezinski

He was Carter's National Security Advisor. He was extremely anti-Soviet.

Nicaragua & El Salvadore

The Contras were established to oppowe the Sandista Government of Nicaragua which was linked to the Soviets and Cuba.

Camp David Accords

This 1978 agreement gained Israel's promise to withdraw from the Sinai Peninsula, an Egyptian territory.

P.L.O.

This is the leading Palestinian political organization.

Ayatollah Khomeini

He was the Iranian leader that overthrew an American puppet leader. This is when the ill will between the U.S. and Iran escalated.

Carter Doctrine, 1978

Carter announced that the U.S. would intervene militarily against Soviet aggression in the Persian Gulf.

Iranian hostage crisis

The Iranians held many Americans hostage after Khomeini took power, leading to even more ill-will between the U.S. and Iran. The hostages were eventually released.

Human rights

The United States has been and still is opposed to nations that violate human rights.

SALT II

The Second Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty. This limited the number of missles and long-range bombers held by the U.S. and Soviet Union.

Afghanistan

The Soviet Union invaded Afghanistan to maintain Soviet influence over the government. Carter responded with a grain embargo.