I. passages

These passages were written by two students at Greensburg Salem High School in an editoral column for the school newspaper, the Lions Den.
 
Is TV corrupting our minds?    

No    

By Deana Karstaedt    

    "Big brother is watching you."  When George Orwell wrote this in 1984, he must have foreseen the battle over television censorship.  Today, some critics want to impose Big Brother on viewers everywhere.   
    Back in the early days of the television, kissing was rare and talking about sex was unheard of.  But now, with such topics discussed at the dinner table, shows are revealing what was once taboo.   
    In recent years networks such as ABC, CBS, and NBC have been dropping in the ratings, losing out to cable stations like MTV and HBO.  Networks have lost millions of dollars for one reason alone:  censorship.   
    While cable television is exempt from "decency" laws, the networks must comply.  Consequently, to gain popularity the big three producers have pushed government regulations to the limit and therefore, have been scorched by censors.   
    The fact is, over half of Americans believe that the entertainment industry is within its constitutional right of free speech when presenting material that some view as objectionable or offensive.  The real complainers are those conservative critics who are forever heckling writers and producers.   
    "They can turn the show off if they don’t like what they are seeing,"  Steven Bocho defends, Bochco is the producer of NYPD Blue, a crime drama that has been cited numerous times for strong language and partial .   
    Bochco is not alone in his beliefs.  Many of those in the entertainment profession know that it is the individual’s decision what to watch, not the government’s.  If a child is one of those individuals, it is the parent’s responsibility to determine what is seen on television.   
    Some parents, however, are unable to handle this obligation.  They would rather rely on a specialized computer chip called the V-chip, a processor which prohibits an individual from viewing certain shows.   
    Of that group of parents there is a smaller group that believe the chip is too expensive.  An inexpensive replacement for the V-chip is widely available it’s called the OFF switch.  If these so-called "concerned parents" would monitor their children’s viewing, then such devices wouldn’t be necessary.   
    One day these children will find themselves in their parent’s places.  They will then argue that each generation considers the next to be more obsessed with sex than the one before.   
    "It’s a generation gap that will always be with us, " David Hiltbrand, senior editor of TV Guide, explains.  "Today’s writers are younger than ever before, and that’s reflected in the shows they created.  Generation Xers are more open to controversial topics than their elders were."   
    Generation X, the group of young twentysomethings, is responsible for shows such as Friends, Melrose Place and Beverly Hills 90210, all of which have been cited for controversial subjects and explicit sexual situations.  However, those debatable topics are viable because they relay strong social messages about AIDS, racial issues, teenage pregnancy and countless others.   
    Made for TV movies have also been cited as being all sex and no substance.  When ABC, CBS and NBC produced three individual versions of the Amy Fisher-Joey Buttafuoco story, critics blasted these movies.   
    Censors accused the networks of selling sex to earn ratings, but what these "pro-censorship prudes" failed to mention is that the affair actually happened, and the networks were only showing the tragedy of the situation.   
    If networks succumb to these critics, the world will be monitored by a select group of censors.  Individuals will not longer control their own viewing time.  People will have to watch the same programs which will convey only the thoughts of the authorities.  Soon the entire population of the earth will be told what to believe and when to believe it.  And to think, it all stated with editing out one little scene…

Is TV corrupting our minds?      

Yes      

By Lisa Detar      

    "Next on Ricki Lake:  ‘I hate my mother because she dresses too trashy.’" This advertisement of the show causes channel surfers everywhere to drop their remotes.  What has happened to Americans today that allows them to be so captivated by smutty talk shows and sexually saturated soap operas?   
    Daytime TV has gone way beyond creating such shows as The Price is Right, which happens to be one of the only pre-PrimeTime game shows left on the major networks (CBS, NBC, ABC and FOX).  Instead, more talk shows have been created than ever before along with innumerable soap operas filling the TV slots.   
    In the 1950s kissing on television was daring and talking about sex or anything related to it was practically unheard of.  Society thought the way Elvis Presley shook his hips was horrifying so censors demanded that he only be shown from only the waist up when be made his appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show.   
    Now the cameras feed on half-naked people in bed together and feature talk show topics such as "My boyfriend slept with my sister." Consequently impressionable children who view such programs begin to think our whole culture revolves around sex.   
    Many censors today concern themselves with the violent acts seen by children on TV, and for this purpose the V-chip was created.  The V-chip is a device that blocks out violent acts on television.  While it works against the brutality on TV, it overlooks all the sexual scenes kids are exposed to.   
    Practically everything seen on television centers on intimacy.  Even commercials for soap, perfume or deodorant involve beautiful people wearing (or not wearing) provocative clothing.   
    For example, the advertisement for ici perfume shows a women in a sexy, red, satin dress lying down while a man kisses her neck.  The commentator says, "Put it where you want to be kissed."  Most of the population realized if women wear the fragrance it’s not going to attract men like flies.  However, perfume companies feel compelled to advertise cologne in a sexual way.   
    Television hardly depicts reality.  A recent article written in the February issue of Sassy magazine shows that producers of certain talk shows twisted their guests stories and encouraged them to exaggerate to spice things up.  Many were put on display for the audience to judge harshly.   
    Today’s Prime-Time shows are just as poor.  He title NYPD Blue leads people to believe that is a crime drama, which is supposed to be.  However, NYPD Blue has been hassled by the censors numerous times for it’s acts of sexuality and .  The same goes for ER.   
    ER stands for Emergency Room which has nothing to with sex.  However, one episode involved Dr. Greene and his wide in a room at the hospital being intimate.  One of them accidentally pushed the call button causing medical workers to rush in to see what was going on.  This scene had nothing to with the plot but was incorporated into the show anyway.  Unfortunately this program is just another soap opera with a deceiving title.   
     Thought soaps and talk shows have a reputation for raunchy and overdramatized, TV sitcoms aren’t far behind.  TGIF, which features Family Matters, Boy Meets World, Step by Step and Hanging with Mr. Cooper, is supposed to be family oriented, but sexual innuendoes in the dialogue make it inappropriate for elementary age students.   
    While Prime-Time TV doesn’t pose as much of a threat to children, day-time television needs a drastic change.  Producers tell the parents to just simply turn the TV off if they don’t like what they or their kids are seeing.  However, guardians who work may use the television as a babysitter because they are  too busy doing paperwork, chores around the house, etc.   
    The world of TV has come so far since its creation in the late 40’s.  It’s moved from banning shaking hips and kissing lips to allowing half nakedness.  What will be next?  Will TV turn into an indecent display of pornography in the years to come?   
    Censorship is needed today more than ever so Americans don’t have to witness obscenities everytime they push the "on" button.

II. questions:

(1) In Passage 1, what is the primary reason given for the "objectionable" content of network television?

A - Network executives refuse to air programs that don't feature such material.
B - Television producers are no longer capable of making unobjectionable shows.
C - Networks are forced to air this content in order to keep up with cable stations.
D - Government regulations prohibit shows without at least one objectionable scene.

(2) Author 1 mentions the "Amy Fisher-Joey Buttafuoco story" in order to

A - show that television producers were irresponsible in their decision to air this story.
B - demonstrate that domestic violence is caused by television.
C - gain widespread support for Joey Buttafuoco's actions.
D - illustrate that critics are sometimes mistaken in their "blasting."

(3) Which of these statements most closely reflects the beliefs of Author 2?

A - Televised violence is only a problem in the eyes of television censors.
B - Although violence is a problem, the primary issue is that of sexual content.
C - Television viewing should be rigidly controlled and monitored.
D - Provocative advertising is the most effective way to sell a product.

(4) The many references to specific TV shows in Passage 2 are probably intended to

A - showcase the most flagrant examples of objectionable TV.
B - point out the author's favorite television programs.
C - give a few examples of inappropriate shows.
D - provide free advertising for the networks that air them.