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Transistors are used as switches and amplifiers. We will discuss two types of transistors: PNP and NPN transistors. Both of these transistors has 3 pins: emitter, base, collector. There aren't any standards for where and what order the physical pins are on the transistors, so be sure to check the packaging when purchasing.
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To allow electrons to flow through the collector and emitter of a PNP transistor, the following must apply:
The emitter is more positive than the base and the collector leads to the negative.
The NPN transistor is the opposite:
The collector must be more positive than the base and the emitter leads to the negative.
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