What were the camps like?
The Holocaust: A Tragic Legacy. Produced for the ThinkQuest Competition

 

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As much as we might complain about how brutal life is, few experiences compare to that of the Jew during the Holocaust. Up until their death or escape, prisoners' lives were characterized by constant fear, mistreatment and suffering. 

There were two types of camps under the Nazis rule. The slave labor concentration camps where inmates were placed under harsh working conditions and starvation. The others were the actual death camps whose sole purpose was for the annihilation of the Jewish population and any other "enemy" of the Nazis. 

Between 1933 and 1936 thousands of people mostly political prisoners, German Gypsies and Jehovah's Witnesses were sent to concentration camps. But it was not until after Kristallnacht, that 30,000 Jewish men were deported to Dachau and other concentration camps. 

On September 1, 1939 Germany invaded Poland and World War II began. Thousands of Poles including Jews were imprisoned in concentration camps. As the War began in 1939 Hitler ordered the killing of institutionalized, handicapped patients deemed "incurable". After public protest the Nazi continued the "euthanasia" program in secret. The euthanasia program contained all the elements later required for mass murder of Jews and Gypsies in Nazi death camps. 

In the months following the invasion of the Soviet Union, Jews, and political leaders, Communists, and Gypsies were killed in mass executions. During the war many new camps were built to accommodate the need for more space. Between 1942 and 1944 the Germans moved to eliminate the ghettos in occupied Poland and elsewhere deporting ghetto residents to death camps to be murdered. Millions of Jews were murdered through the death camps and poor living conditions that they faced. The following pages will attempt to give you a general idea of what the people had to endure. 

The accounts from the people who suffered through the worst of the camps.

What would you do facing the difficult situations involved with camps?


Locate concentration camps and death camps throughout Europe

For more information about the camps, see books such as Auschwitz and The Apparatus of Death