Alfred Bernhard Nobel (1833-1896)

Swedish chemist and industrial. He elaborated the method of obtention of dynamit (1866) and other explosive materials. He is a founder of Nobel Prize.

Nobel Prize

it is the Swedish- Norwegian foundation ( which seat is situated in Sztokholm). It was founded in 1900 year like a fulfilment of the wish of Alfred Nobel's testament.All income of this foundation is devoted to grant of equal-value international prize. They are awarded every year in five domains:

• in the realms of physic and chemistry the prizes are granted by Royal Swedish Academy of Science
• in the realm of madicine the prize is granted by Royal Swedish Institute of Medecine and Surgery.
• in the realm of literature the prize is granted by Swedish Academy of Literature
• in the realm of economy the prize is granted by Swedish Bank

- for activity for the world-wide peace is granted by Norwegian Nobel's Committee (attached to Norwegian Parliament. This awards are granted in Stockholm and Oslo at 10.XII (it is an anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death)

So far six representatives of Poland obtained Nobel Prize:

1) Maria Sklodowska-Curie (twice):
1903 - in the realm of phisics (for discovery phenomenon of radioactivity)
1911 - in the realm of chemistry (for works developed to properties of discovered by her two elements: radium and pollonium)

2) Lech Walesa (1983) - for activity for the world-wide peace and struggle with communist government

3) Henryk Sienkiewicz (1905)

4) Wladyslaw Stanislaw Reymont (1924)

5) Czeslaw Milosz (1980)

6) Wislawa Szymborska (1986)