Welcome to the Jewish Religion Judaism was the first known religion to believe in one god. It also is one of the only religions to be made up of one people. The Jewish religion is broken into 3 main sections. 1. Orthodox-This form of Judaism is very strict. They follow all laws closely. The men always wear yarmulkas, which are curved hats. Everyone prays 3 times daily, observes all dietary rules, and believes that God gave Moses the laws of the Torah and the Talmud. 2. Reform-Some members of the Jewish Religion questioned the traditional teachings of Judaism in the 1800's. They believed that the Talmud was written by humans, instead of God. People who practice Reform Judaism do not celebrate as many traditional customs as Orthodox Judaism does, because they believe that the Bible, morals, and ethics are the most important things in their religion, not rituals and ceremonies.
3. Conservative-Like Reform Judaism, Conservative Judaism developed in the 1800's. This form of Judaism believes that their religon should change with the world. While they are not nearly as strict about following the traditional rules of Judaism as the Orthodox, they follow more traditions than Reformists.
Judaism is not governed by any one person. Each local congregation choses its own rabbi and manages its own affairs. A synagogue, or temple, is where Jewish children learn about their heritage and study the Hebrew language. It is also the Jewish place of worship. At the front of the sanctuary, which is where ceremonies are held, there is an ark, which is a chest where the scrolls of the Torah are kept. The Torah is the first 5 books of the Hebrew Bible. It contains all the basic laws and teachings of Judaism.
Dietary Rules
Only animals with cloven hooves, which also chew their cud, may be eaten. This includes cattle, sheep, goats, and deer. Only the forequarters may be eaten. Only fish with scales and fins may be eaten. Meat and dairy foods may not be eaten at the same meal, and they must be prepared with different utensils. Food called kosher may be eaten, while food called trayf is unclean, and not to be eaten.