6000-3200 BC

Pre-Dynastic Period. Different cultures separated-Merimdeon, Tasian, Badarian.

3000 BC

Menes unifies Upper and Lower Egypt, and a new capital is erected at Memphis.

C3100-2686 BC

Early dynastic period, with a succession of kings that strengthened the unification of the two Egypts.

2700 BC

365 -day calendar is invented (for Egyptians new year started with June)

2686-2181 BC

OLD KINGDOM

2900 BC

First hieroglyphs

C2686-2613 BC

Zoser builds first pyramid, Step Pyramid at Sakkara, with the great help of the chief architect and priest Imhotep.

2600 BC

Kufu (Cheops) builds the great Pyramid at Giza, followed by Chephren with a second pyramid and the Sphinx and Mycerinus with another pyramid.

C2494-2345 BC

During the 5th dynasty, worship of sun god Ra becomes the predominant religion.

C2181-2040 BC

FIRST INTERMEDIATE PERIOD- increases in power of provincial governors through the 6th dynasty, leads to breakdown of central authority and chaos throughout the country. This is the period of the upsurge of the cult of Osiris.

C2100 BC

Mentuhotep II, first king of the 11th dynasty reunites Egypt, and established the capital at Thebes.

C1700-1550 BC

SECOND INTERMEDIATE PERIOD. 13th dynasty collapses after a succession of short-lived and little known kings.

C1674 BC

Memphis falls to Hyksos.

C1550-1085 BC

NEW KINGDOM-Ahmose completes defeat of Hyksos and unites Egypt under new dynasty.

1512-1448 BC

During Tuthmosis III, Egyptian rule is extended as far as the Euphrates River to the east and south to the Fourth Cataract of the Nile.

C1450 BC

Tuthmosis IV digs the Sphinx out of the sands.

1391-1358 BC

Amenhotep IV changes name to Akhenaten and tries to institute a monotheistic religion by worshipping only the sun-disk god Aten.

1368-1349 BC

Tutankhamen restores the old cults at Thebes, but shortly after is assassinated.

C1299 BC

Ramesses II fights Hitties at the Battle of Kadesh. Builds temples at Thebes and Abu Simbel. He is considered the most prolific pharaoh to construct temples.

1224-1165 BC

Ramesses III repulses invasion of Seas Peoples. He is considered the last great Egyptian pharaoh.

C1070-712 BC

THIRD INTERMEDIATE PERIOD- Ephemeral kings whom little is known. It is a period of overlapping rulers, with no strong central power. Invasion by Assyrians.

C712-332 BC

LATE DYNASTIC PERIOD

C671-667 BC

Assyrians invade Egypt, "sacking" Thebes and Memphis.

736-656 BC

25th dynasty. Egypt ruled by Kushite pharaohs.

525-404 BC

27th dynasty. Conquered by the King Conlyses who establishes first Persian domination of Egypt.

332 BC

Alexander the Great of Macedonia defeats Persians at Issus in 333 BC and is given Egypt by the Persian Satrap. He builds a capital at Alexandria.

332-395 AD

Graeco-Roman Period.

304-30 BC

The Ptolemies.

 641 AD

Arab conquest.